22.3.3 Eye Tracking, Pupil Tracking

Chapter Contents (Back)
Eye Tracking. Eye tracking may also be performed by more direct (some mechanical) methods, especially involving low level lights with detection. Most of those are skipped, and image anaysis based techniques are the primary focus. Gaze focused papers:
See also Gaze Tracking, Gaze Determination.
See also Active Vision: Gaze Control.
See also Driver Monitoring, Eyes, Gaze, Drowsiness.
See also Finding Facial Features, Eye Detection.
See also Eye, Gaze Computer Interface, Applied Gaze Tracking.
See also Facial Feature Tracking for Expressions.

Tobii,
2001.
WWW Link. and
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Eye tracking for general applications. With and without special glasses. Variety of systems.

Polehemus, Eye Tracking,
2005.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Also does motion tracking and 3-D Laser Scanner

Seeing Machines,
2000.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Vendor, Driver Monitoring. Vendor, Face Tracking. Head, face, eye, gaze tracking. Face tracker for including in larger systems. Australia.

Avotec,
2001.
HTML Version. Vendor, Eye Tracking. A set of eye tracking systems.

openEyes,
2006.
WWW Link. Code, Eye Tracking. Open source code for eye tracking.
See also Starburst: A hybrid algorithm for video-based eye tracking combining feature-based and model-based approaches.

Gesture Central,
1996.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Vendor, Motion Capture. Eye tracking system. The company also has a simple head gesture interface. And a 3 camera motion capture system.

IScan, Inc.,
1997.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking.

Arrington Research,
1997.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking.

Applied Science Laboratories,
1962.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Video based eye tracking, head mounted tracker

SMI: Senso Motric Instruments GmbH,
1991.
WWW Link. Vendor, Eye Tracking. Eye tracking systems.

Yarbus, A.,
Eye Movments and Vision,
Plenum1967. More about what happens, how it happens, and the meaning than tracking, but much of the basis for doing eye tracking. BibRef 6700

Rinard, G.A.[George A.], Rugg, D.E.[Donald E.], Steffen, D.A.[Dale A.],
Method and apparatus for monitoring the position of the eye,
US_Patent4,145,122, Mar 20, 1979
WWW Link. Uses mirror on glasses. BibRef 7903

Garwin, R.L.[Richard L.], Levine, J.L.[James L.],
Eye controlled information transfer,
US_Patent4,595,990, Jun 17, 1986
WWW Link. BibRef 8606

Waldorf, R.A.[Ronald A.],
Infrared/video electronystagmographic apparatus,
US_Patent4,815,839, Mar 28, 1989
WWW Link. Eye tracking goggles. BibRef 8903

Hutchinson, T.E.[Thomas E.],
Eye movement detector,
US_Patent4,836,670, Jun 6, 1989
WWW Link. IR Tracking BibRef 8906

Velez, J.[Jose], Borah, J.D.[Joshua D.],
Visor and camera providing a parallax-free field-of-view image for a head-mounted eye movement measurement system,
US_Patent4,852,988, Aug 1, 1989
WWW Link. BibRef 8908

Tomono, A.[Akira], Iida, M.[Muneo], Ohmura, K.[Kazunori],
Eye tracking image pickup apparatus for separating noise from feature portions,
US_Patent5,016,282, May 14, 1991
WWW Link. BibRef 9105

Kasahara, T.[Tatsuya],
Eye movement analyzing device utilizing pupil center-of-gravity data,
US_Patent5,070,883, Dec 10, 1991
WWW Link. BibRef 9112

Adachi, T.[Toshiya],
Device for measuring a retina reflected light amount and a gaze detecting apparatus using the same,
US_Patent5,325,133, Jun 28, 1994
WWW Link. BibRef 9406

Gerhardt, L.A.[Lester A.], Sabolcik, R.M.[Ross M.],
Eye tracking apparatus and method employing grayscale threshold values,
US_Patent5,481,622, Jan 2, 1996
WWW Link. BibRef 9601

Ivins, J.P., Porrill, J., Frisby, J.P.,
Deformable Model of the Human Iris for Measuring Ocular Torsion from Video Images,
VISP(145), No. 3, June 1998, pp. 213-220. 9808
BibRef

Ivins, J.P., Porrill, J.,
A Deformable Model of the Human Iris for Measuring Small 3-Dimensional Eye Movements,
MVA(11), No. 1, 1998, pp. 42-51.
Springer DOI 9808
BibRef

Yee, K.[Kingman],
Linear array eye tracker,
US_Patent5,966,197, Oct 12, 1999
WWW Link. BibRef 9910
And: US_Patent6,283,954, Sep 4, 2001
WWW Link. BibRef

Smeraldi, F., Carmona, O., Bigün, J.,
Saccadic search with Gabor features applied to eye detection and real-time head tracking,
IVC(18), No. 4, March 2000, pp. 323-329.
Elsevier DOI 0003
BibRef

Smeraldi, F., Bigun, J.,
Facial feature detection by saccadic exploration of the Gabor decomposition,
ICIP98(III: 163-167).
IEEE DOI 9810
BibRef

Morimoto, C.H., Koons, D., Amir, A., Flickner, M.D.,
Pupil detection and tracking using multiple light sources,
IVC(18), No. 4, March 2000, pp. 331-335.
Elsevier DOI 0003
BibRef
Earlier:
Frame-Rate Pupil Detector and Gaze Tracker,
Frame-Rate99().
HTML Version. BibRef

Kim, S.B.[Seong-Beom],
Eye position detecting apparatus and method therefor,
US_Patent6,072,892, Jun 6, 2000
WWW Link. BibRef 0006

Amir, A.[Arnon], Zimet, L.[Lior], Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.[Alberto], Kao, S.[Sean],
An embedded system for an eye-detection sensor,
CVIU(98), No. 1, April 2005, pp. 104-123.
Elsevier DOI 0412
BibRef

Sirohey, S.A.[Saad A.], Rosenfeld, A.[Azriel], Duric, Z.,
A method of detecting and tracking irises and eyelids in video,
PR(35), No. 6, June 2002, pp. 1389-1401.
Elsevier DOI 0203
BibRef
Earlier:
Eye Tracking,
UMD--TR4041, August 1999.
WWW Link. BibRef

Sirohey, S.A.[Saad A.], Rosenfeld, A.[Azriel],
Eye detection in a face image using linear and nonlinear filters,
PR(34), No. 7, July 2001, pp. 1367-1391.
Elsevier DOI 0105
BibRef
Earlier:
Eye Detection,
UMD--TR3971, December 1998.
WWW Link. BibRef

Bergström, P.[Peter],
Eye-movement-controlled transform image coders,
SP:IC(18), No. 2, February 2003, pp. 115-125.
Elsevier DOI 0301
BibRef

Bayro-Corrochano, E.[Eduardo],
Modeling the 3D kinematics of the eye in the geometric algebra framework,
PR(36), No. 12, December 2003, pp. 2993-3012.
Elsevier DOI 0310
BibRef

Gulliver, S.R., Ghinea, G.,
A Perceptual Comparison of Empirical and Predictive Region-of-Interest Video,
SMC-A(39), No. 4, July 2009, pp. 744-753.
IEEE DOI 0906
BibRef

Ji, Q.A.[Qi-Ang], Wechsler, H.[Harry], Duchowski, A.T.[Andrew T.], Flickner, M.D.[Myron D.],
Special issue: eye detection and tracking,
CVIU(98), No. 1, April 2005, pp. 1-3.
Elsevier DOI 0412
BibRef

Witzner Hansen, D.[Dan], Pece, A.E.C.[Arthur E.C.],
Eye tracking in the wild,
CVIU(98), No. 1, April 2005, pp. 155-181.
Elsevier DOI 0412
BibRef
Earlier:
Eye typing off the shelf,
CVPR04(II: 159-164).
IEEE DOI 0408
BibRef
Earlier:
Iris tracking with feature free contours,
AMFG03(208-214).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Witzner Hansen, D.[Dan], Hansen, J.P.[John Paulin], Nielsen, M., Johansen, A.S.,
Eye typing using Markov and active appearance models,
WACV02(132-136).
IEEE DOI 0303
BibRef

Witzner Hansen, D.[Dan], Hansen, J.P.[John Paulin],
Robustifying Eye Interaction,
V4HCI06(152).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Chung, A.J.[Adrian J.], Deligianni, F.[Fani], Hu, X.P.[Xiao-Peng], Yang, G.Z.[Guang-Zhong],
Extraction of visual features with eye tracking for saliency driven 2D/3D registration,
IVC(23), No. 11, 1 October 2005, pp. 999-1008.
Elsevier DOI 0510
BibRef

Itti, L.[Laurent],
Quantifying the contribution of low-level saliency to human eye movements in dynamic scenes,
Visual Cognition(12), No. 6, 2005, pp. 1093-1123.
DOI Link BibRef 0500

Villanueva, A.[Arantxa], Cabeza, R.[Rafael], Porta, S.[Sonia],
Eye tracking: Pupil orientation geometrical modeling,
IVC(24), No. 7, July 2006, pp. 663-679.
Elsevier DOI 0608
Gaze tracking; Eye tracking; Eye movement modeling; Calibration BibRef

Goni, S., Echeto, J., Villanueva, A.[Arantxa], Cabeza, R.[Rafael],
Robust algorithm for pupil-glint vector detection in a video-oculography eyetracking system,
ICPR04(IV: 941-944).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Witzner Hansen, D.[Dan], Hammoud, R.I.[Riad I.],
An improved likelihood model for eye tracking,
CVIU(106), No. 2-3, May-June 2007, pp. 220-230.
Elsevier DOI 0705
BibRef
Earlier:
Boosting particle filter-based eye tracker performance through adapted likelihood function to reflexions and light changes,
AVSBS05(111-116).
IEEE DOI 0602
Eye position tracking; Filtering; Observation models; Structured infrared light; Non-visible spectrum; Eye tracking systems and countermeasures; HCI BibRef

Witzner Hansen, D.[Dan], Satria, R., Sorensen, J., Hammoud, R.I.[Riad I.],
Improved Likelihood Function in Particle-based IR Eye Tracking,
OTCBVS05(III: 5-5).
IEEE DOI 0507
BibRef

Hammoud, R.I.[Riad I.], (Ed.)
Passive Eye Monitoring: Algorithms, Applications and Experiments,
Springer-VerlagNew York, 2008 ISBN: 978-3-540-75411-4
WWW Link. Survey, Eye Tracking. Buy this book: Passive Eye Monitoring: Algorithms, Applications and Experiments (Signals and Communication Technology) BibRef 0800

Duchowski, A.T.,
Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice,
Springer2007. ISBN 978-1-84628-608-7. Second Edition.
WWW Link. Survey, Eye Tracking. A guide to the setup and operation of such systems. Buy this book: Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice BibRef 0700

Han, Y.,
Imitation of Human-Eye Motion: How to Fix Gaze of an Active Vision System,
SMC-A(37), No. 6, November 2007, pp. 854-863.
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Khosravi, M.H.[Mohammad Hossein], Safabakhsh, R.[Reza],
Human eye sclera detection and tracking using a modified time-adaptive self-organizing map,
PR(41), No. 8, August 2008, pp. 2571-2593.
Elsevier DOI 0805
Human eye detection; Eye sclera motion tracking; Time-adaptive SOM; TASOM; Active contour modeling; GVF snake BibRef

Yu, Z.W.[Zhi-Wen], Wong, H.S.[Hau-San],
A Rule Based Technique for Extraction of Visual Attention Regions Based on Real-Time Clustering,
MultMed(9), No. 4, 2007, pp. 766-784.
IEEE DOI 0905
BibRef

Lim, J.H., Liu, Y.,
Modeling the Influences of Cyclic Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes for Reinforcement Learning in Eye Movements,
SMC-A(39), No. 4, July 2009, pp. 706-714.
IEEE DOI 0906
BibRef

Orozco, J.[Javier], Roca, F.X.[F. Xavier], Gonzàlez, J.[Jordi],
Real-time gaze tracking with appearance-based models,
MVA(20), No. 6, October 2009, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 0910
BibRef
Earlier:
Deterministic and Stochastic Methods for Gaze Tracking in Real-Time,
CAIP07(45-52).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Orozco, J., Gonzàlez, J., Rius, I., Roca, F.X.,
Hierarchical Eyelid and Face Tracking,
IbPRIA07(I: 499-506).
Springer DOI 0706
BibRef

Li, Y.L.[Ya-Li], Wang, S.J.[Sheng-Jin], Ding, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing],
Eye/eyes tracking based on a unified deformable template and particle filtering,
PRL(31), No. 11, 1 August 2010, pp. 1377-1387.
Elsevier DOI 1008
Eye/eyes tracking; Deformable template; Particle filter; Eye parameters capturing BibRef

Gabbur, P.[Prasad], Hua, H.[Hong], Barnard, K.[Kobus],
A fast connected components labeling algorithm and its application to real-time pupil detection,
MVA(21), No. 5, August 2010, pp. 779-787.
WWW Link. 1011
BibRef

Nitschke, C.[Christian], Nakazawa, A.[Atsushi], Takemura, H.[Haruo],
Display-camera calibration using eye reflections and geometry constraints,
CVIU(115), No. 6, June 2011, pp. 835-853.
Elsevier DOI 1104
BibRef
Earlier:
Display-camera calibration from eye reflections,
ICCV09(1226-1233).
IEEE DOI 0909
BibRef
And:
Eye reflection analysis and application to display-camera calibration,
ICIP09(3449-3452).
IEEE DOI 0911
Display-camera system; Calibration; Image analysis; Visual system; Human eye model; Eye pose estimation; Corneal reflection; Catadioptric imaging BibRef

Nitschke, C.[Christian], Nakazawa, A.[Atsushi],
Super-Resolution from Corneal Images,
BMVC12(22).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef

Yan, C.[Chao], Wang, Y.Q.[Yuang-Qing], Zhang, Z.Y.[Zhao-Yang],
Robust real-time multi-user pupil detection and tracking under various illumination and large-scale head motion,
CVIU(115), No. 8, August 2011, pp. 1223-1238.
Elsevier DOI 1101
Eye detection; Real AdaBoost; Real support vector machine; Correlation matching; Kalman forecast BibRef

Hamshari, H.O.[Hussein O.], Beauchemin, S.S.[Steven S.],
A real-time framework for eye detection and tracking,
RealTimeIP(6), No. 4, December 2011, pp. 235-245.
WWW Link. 1111
BibRef

Rigas, I.[Ioannis], Economou, G.[George], Fotopoulos, S.[Spiros],
Biometric identification based on the eye movements and graph matching techniques,
PRL(33), No. 6, 15 April 2012, pp. 786-792.
Elsevier DOI 1203
Behavioral biometrics; Eye movements; Face perception; Minimum spanning tree; Wald-Wolfowitz test BibRef

Vikram, T.N.[Tadmeri Narayan], Tscherepanow, M.[Marko], Wrede, B.[Britta],
A saliency map based on sampling an image into random rectangular regions of interest,
PR(45), No. 9, September 2012, pp. 3114-3124.
Elsevier DOI 1206
Visual attention; Saliency map; Salient region detection; Eye-gaze prediction; Bottom-up attention BibRef

Xu, J.[Juan], Ishikawa, H., Wollstein, G., Kagemann, L., Schuman, J.S.,
Alignment of 3-D Optical Coherence Tomography Scans to Correct Eye Movement Using a Particle Filtering,
MedImg(31), No. 7, July 2012, pp. 1337-1345.
IEEE DOI 1208
BibRef

He, Q., Wei, N., Li, B., Hu, C., Meng, M.Q.H.,
Marker-based quadri-ocular tracking system for surgery,
IET-CV(6), No. 5, 2012, pp. 435-441.
DOI Link 1210
BibRef

Sun, X.S.[Xiao-Shuai], Yao, H.X.[Hong-Xun], Ji, R.R.[Rong-Rong],
Visual attention modeling based on short-term environmental adaption,
JVCIR(24), No. 2, February 2013, pp. 171-180.
Elsevier DOI 1302
Visual attention modeling; Saliency detection; Short-term environmental adaption; Adaptive sparse representation; Independent component analysis; Adaptive saliency measurement; Conditional self information; Eye fixation prediction BibRef

Bernet, S.[Sacha], Cudel, C.[Christophe], Lefloch, D.[Damien], Basset, M.[Michel],
Autocalibration-based partioning relationship and parallax relation for head-mounted eye trackers,
MVA(24), No. 2, February 2013, pp. 393-406.
WWW Link. 1302
BibRef

Engelke, U., Liu, H., Wang, J., Le Callet, P., Heynderickx, I., Zepernick, H.J., Maeder, A.,
Comparative Study of Fixation Density Maps,
IP(22), No. 3, March 2013, pp. 1121-1133.
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Coutinho, F.L.[Flavio L.], Morimoto, C.H.[Carlos H.],
Improving Head Movement Tolerance of Cross-Ratio Based Eye Trackers,
IJCV(101), No. 3, February 2013, pp. 459-481.
WWW Link. 1303
BibRef

Wang, J.[Junle], da Silva, M.P., Le Callet, P., Ricordel, V.,
Computational Model of Stereoscopic 3D Visual Saliency,
IP(22), No. 6, 2013, pp. 2151-2165.
IEEE DOI 1307
eye-tracking BibRef

Hwang, B.[Byunghun], Jang, Y.M.[Young-Min], Mallipeddi, R.[Rammohan], Lee, M.H.[Min-Ho],
Probing of human implicit intent based on eye movement and pupillary analysis for augmented cognition,
IJIST(23), No. 2, 2013, pp. 114-126.
DOI Link human intention, cognitive filter, Bayesian, eye movement, intent probe 1307
BibRef

Qian, X.L.[Xiao-Liang], Han, J.W.[Jun-Wei], Cheng, G.[Gong], Guo, L.[Lei],
Optimal contrast based saliency detection,
PRL(34), No. 11, 1 August 2013, pp. 1270-1278.
Elsevier DOI 1306
Saliency detection; Sparse coding; Optimal contrast; Multi-scale; Eye tracking BibRef

Rezazadegan Tavakoli, H.[Hamed], Rahtu, E.[Esa], Heikkilä, J.[Janne],
Stochastic bottom-up fixation prediction and saccade generation,
IVC(31), No. 9, 2013, pp. 686-693.
Elsevier DOI 1308
Saccadic eye movement BibRef

Markuš, N.[Nenad], Frljak, M.[Miroslav], Pandžic, I.S.[Igor S.], Ahlberg, J.[Jörgen], Forchheimer, R.[Robert],
Eye pupil localization with an ensemble of randomized trees,
PR(47), No. 2, 2014, pp. 578-587.
Elsevier DOI 1311
Eye pupil localization BibRef

Ren, Y.[Yan], Wang, S.[Shuang], Hou, B.[Biao], Ma, J.J.[Jing-Jing],
A Novel Eye Localization Method With Rotation Invariance,
IP(23), No. 1, January 2014, pp. 226-239.
IEEE DOI 1402
face recognition BibRef

Zhong, M.[Ma], Zhao, X.B.[Xin-Bo], Zou, X.C.[Xiao-Chun], Wang, J.Z.[James Z.], Wang, W.[Wenhu],
Markov chain based computational visual attention model that learns from eye tracking data,
PRL(49), No. 1, 2014, pp. 1-10.
Elsevier DOI 1410
Attention model BibRef

Kang, Z.[Ziho], Landry, S.J.,
An Eye Movement Analysis Algorithm for a Multielement Target Tracking Task: Maximum Transition-Based Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering,
HMS(45), No. 1, February 2015, pp. 13-24.
IEEE DOI 1502
matrix algebra BibRef

Coetzer, R.C., Hancke, G.P.,
Development of a robust active infrared-based eye tracker,
IET-CV(8), No. 6, 2014, pp. 523-534.
DOI Link 1502
cameras BibRef

Whitelam, C.[Cameron], Bourlai, T.[Thirimachos],
Accurate eye localization in the Short Waved Infrared Spectrum through summation range filters,
CVIU(139), No. 1, 2015, pp. 59-72.
Elsevier DOI 1509
Eye detection BibRef

Song, B.S.[Byoung-Sub], Park, M.C.[Min-Chul], Yano, S.[Sumio],
New ophthalmic device for measuring binocular accommodation responses,
SPIE(Newsroom), January 8, 2016
DOI Link 1602
The photorefraction of IR light and astigmatism from a cylindrical lens are used to assess variations in the human eye as a function of perceived depth information. BibRef

Zhou, X.[Xuan], Gao, X.[Xin], Wang, J.J.[Jia-Jun], Yu, H.[Hui], Wang, Z.Y.[Zhi-Yong], Chi, Z.[Zheru],
Eye tracking data guided feature selection for image classification,
PR(63), No. 1, 2017, pp. 56-70.
Elsevier DOI 1612
Eye tracking BibRef

Zhang, X.[Xucong], Sugano, Y.[Yusuke], Fritz, M., Bulling, A.[Andreas],
MPIIGaze: Real-World Dataset and Deep Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation,
PAMI(41), No. 1, January 2019, pp. 162-175.
IEEE DOI 1812
BibRef
Earlier:
It's Written All Over Your Face: Full-Face Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation,
DeepAffective17(2299-2308)
IEEE DOI 1709
Estimation, Head, Lighting, Cameras, Magnetic heads, Data models, deep learning. Estimation, Face, Training. BibRef

Fuhl, W.[Wolfgang], Tonsen, M.[Marc], Bulling, A.[Andreas], Kasneci, E.[Enkelejda],
Pupil detection for head-mounted eye tracking in the wild: An evaluation of the state of the art,
MVA(27), No. 8, November 2016, pp. 1275-1288.
Springer DOI 1612
BibRef

Fuhl, W.[Wolfgang], Rosenstiel, W.[Wolfgang], Kasneci, E.[Enkelejda],
500,000 Images Closer to Eyelid and Pupil Segmentation,
CAIP19(I:336-347).
Springer DOI 1909
BibRef

Fuhl, W.[Wolfgang], Kübler, T.[Thomas], Sippel, K.[Katrin], Rosenstiel, W.[Wolfgang], Kasneci, E.[Enkelejda],
ExCuSe: Robust Pupil Detection in Real-World Scenarios,
CAIP15(I:39-51).
Springer DOI 1511
BibRef

Tibdewal, M.N.[Manish N.], Fate, R.R.[Rohan R.], Mahadevappa, M., Ray, K.[Kumar], Malokar, M.[Monika],
Classification of artifactual EEG signal and detection of multiple eye movement artifact zones using novel Time-amplitude algorithm,
SIViP(11), No. 2, February 2017, pp. 333-340.
Springer DOI 1702
BibRef

Chen, X.[Xiu], Chen, Z.Z.[Zhen-Zhong],
Exploring visual attention using random walks based eye tracking protocols,
JVCIR(45), No. 1, 2017, pp. 147-155.
Elsevier DOI 1704
Eye tracking BibRef

Zhang, Y.X.[Ying-Xue], Chen, Z.Z.[Zhen-Zhong],
Revisiting visual attention identification based on eye tracking data analytics,
VCIP16(1-4)
IEEE DOI 1701
Algorithm design and analysis BibRef

Araujo, G.M.[Gabriel M.], Ribeiro, F.M.L.[Felipe M. L.], Júnior, W.S.S.[Waldir S. S.], da Silva, E.A.B.[Eduardo A. B.], Goldenstein, S.K.[Siome K.],
Weak Classifier for Density Estimation in Eye Localization and Tracking,
IP(26), No. 7, July 2017, pp. 3410-3424.
IEEE DOI 1706
Detectors, Estimation, Face, Facial features, Feature extraction, Shape, Tracking, Feature density estimation, fiducial point localization, object detection, tracking BibRef

Salehi, N.[Nasrin], Keyvanara, M.[Maryam], Monadjemi, A.[Amirhassan],
Robust Real-Time Gradient-based Eye Detection and Tracking Using Transform Domain and PSO-Based Feature Selection,
ELCVIA(16), No. 1, 2017, pp. 15-32.
DOI Link 1708
BibRef

Fang, Y., Zhang, C., Li, J., Lei, J., Perreira da Silva, M., Le Callet, P.[Patrick],
Visual Attention Modeling for Stereoscopic Video: A Benchmark and Computational Model,
IP(26), No. 10, October 2017, pp. 4684-4696.
IEEE DOI 1708
discrete cosine transforms, feature extraction, image sequences, motion estimation, stereo image processing, video signal processing, computational model, depth motion features, discrete cosine transform coefficients, eye fixation data, eye tracking database, feature contrast, large scale eye tracking database, motion contrast, planar motion features, spatial saliency computation, stereoscopic video saliency detection models, stereoscopic video sequences, uncertainty weighting, Computational modeling, Databases, Visualization, Visual attention, gestalt theory, spatiotemporal saliency detection. BibRef

Levinshtein, A.[Alex], Phung, E.[Edmund], Aarabi, P.[Parham],
Hybrid eye center localization using cascaded regression and hand-crafted model fitting,
IVC(71), 2018, pp. 17-24.
Elsevier DOI 1804
Eye center detection, Eye tracking, Facial feature alignment, Cascaded regression BibRef

Obaidellah, U.[Unaizah], Haek, M.A.[Mohammed Al], Cheng, P.C.H.[Peter C.H.],
A Survey on the Usage of Eye-Tracking in Computer Programming,
Surveys(51), No. 1, 2018, pp. Article No 5.
DOI Link 1804
Survey, Eye Tracking. BibRef

Cheng, X.[Xin], Zhao, X.M.[Xiang-Mo], Zhou, J.M.[Jing-Mei], Zhang, H.[Heng],
Eye localization method based on contour detection and D-S evidence theory,
SIViP(12), No. 4, May 2018, pp. 599-606.
WWW Link. 1805
BibRef

Santini, T.[Thiago], Fuhl, W.[Wolfgang], Kasneci, E.[Enkelejda],
PuRe: Robust pupil detection for real-time pervasive eye tracking,
CVIU(170), 2018, pp. 40-50.
Elsevier DOI 1806
Pupil detection, Pervasive, Eye tracking, Embedded BibRef

Fuhl, W.[Wolfgang], Santini, T., Kasneci, E.[Enkelejda],
Fast and Robust Eyelid Outline and Aperture Detection in Real-World Scenarios,
WACV17(1089-1097)
IEEE DOI 1609
Apertures, Eyelashes, Eyelids, Feature extraction, Image edge detection, Iris recognition, Optimization BibRef

Dong, W.H.[Wei-Hua], Wang, S.K.[Sheng-Kai], Chen, Y.Z.[Yi-Zhou], Meng, L.Q.[Li-Qiu],
Using Eye Tracking to Evaluate the Usability of Flow Maps,
IJGI(7), No. 7, 2018, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1808
BibRef

Eisma, Y.B., Cabrall, C.D.D., de Winter, J.C.F.,
Visual Sampling Processes Revisited: Replicating and Extending Senders (1983) Using Modern Eye-Tracking Equipment,
HMS(48), No. 5, October 2018, pp. 526-540.
IEEE DOI 1809
Instruments, Bandwidth, Visualization, Task analysis, Monitoring, Human factors, Observers, Attention, eye tracking, human factors, multitasking BibRef

Huang, H.H.[Hong-He], Xu, Y.[Yi], Hua, X.[Xiao], Yan, W.X.[Wei-Xiong], Huang, Y.J.[Yan-Jie],
A crowdsourced system for robust eye tracking,
JVCIR(60), 2019, pp. 28-32.
Elsevier DOI 1903
Eye tracking, Gaze shifting path, Large-scale dataset, CNN BibRef

Panetta, K., Wan, Q., Kaszowska, A., Taylor, H.A., Agaian, S.,
Software Architecture for Automating Cognitive Science Eye-Tracking Data Analysis and Object Annotation,
HMS(49), No. 3, June 2019, pp. 268-277.
IEEE DOI 1906
Visualization, Tools, Data analysis, Manuals, Labeling, Task analysis, Software architecture, Cognitive research, wearable eye-tracking technology BibRef

Zhang, W.[Wei], Zou, W.J.[Wen-Jie], Yang, F.Z.[Fu-Zheng],
Linking visual saliency deviation to image quality degradation: A saliency deviation-based image quality index,
SP:IC(75), 2019, pp. 168-177.
Elsevier DOI 1906
Image quality, Visual saliency, Eye-tracking, Saliency deviation, Quality degradation BibRef

Borsato, F.H.[Frank H.], Diaz-Tula, A.[Antonio], Morimoto, C.H.[Carlos H.],
xSDL: stroboscopic differential lighting eye tracker with extended temporal support,
MVA(30), No. 4, June 2019, pp. 689-703.
Springer DOI 1906
BibRef
And: Correction: MVA(30), No. 4, June 2019, pp. 705.
Springer DOI 1906
BibRef

Borsato, F.H.[Frank H.], Aluani, F.O., Morimoto, C.H.[Carlos H.],
A Fast and Accurate Eye Tracker Using Stroboscopic Differential Lighting,
ACVR15(502-510)
IEEE DOI 1602
Cameras BibRef

Lu, Y., Sarter, N.,
Eye Tracking: A Process-Oriented Method for Inferring Trust in Automation as a Function of Priming and System Reliability,
HMS(49), No. 6, December 2019, pp. 560-568.
IEEE DOI 1912
Reliability, Automation, Monitoring, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Task analysis, Human factors, Eye tracking, trust calibration, visual search BibRef

Havelková, L.[Lenka], Golebiowska, I.M.[Izabela Malgorzata],
What Went Wrong for Bad Solvers during Thematic Map Analysis? Lessons Learned from an Eye-Tracking Study,
IJGI(9), No. 1, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2001
BibRef

Lin, C.[Chuan], Zhang, Q.[Qing], Cao, Y.J.[Yi-Jun],
Multi-scale contour detection model based on fixational eye movement mechanism,
SIViP(14), No. 1, February 2020, pp. 57-65.
WWW Link. 2001
BibRef

Mulam, H.[Harikrishna], Mudigonda, M.[Malini],
Optimised multi-wavelet domain for decomposed electrooculogram-based eye movement classification,
IET-IPR(14), No. 9, 20 July 2020, pp. 1862-1869.
DOI Link 2007
BibRef

Wu, E.Q., Zhou, G.R., Zhu, L.M., Wei, C.F., Ren, H., Sheng, R.S.F.,
Rotated Sphere Haar Wavelet and Deep Contractive Auto-Encoder Network With Fuzzy Gaussian SVM for Pilot's Pupil Center Detection,
Cyber(51), No. 1, January 2021, pp. 332-345.
IEEE DOI 2012
Wavelet transforms, Fatigue, Support vector machines, Deep learning, Image reconstruction, Aerospace electronics, sphere Haar wavelets BibRef

Krassanakis, V.[Vassilios], Cybulski, P.[Pawel],
Eye Tracking Research in Cartography: Looking into the Future,
IJGI(10), No. 6, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2106
BibRef

Al Zaidawi, S.M.K.[Sahar Mahdie Klim], Prinzler, M.H.U.[Martin H.U.], Lührs, J.[Jonas], Maneth, S.[Sebastian],
An extensive study of user identification via eye movements across multiple datasets,
SP:IC(108), 2022, pp. 116804.
Elsevier DOI 2209
Eye tracking, Eye movement biometrics, User identification, Machine learning, IVT algorithm BibRef

Tian, Y.Y.[Yu-Yang], Yang, T.Y.[Tian-Yu], Dong, W.H.[Wei-Hua],
Does Culture Shape Our Spatial Ability? An Investigation Based on Eye Tracking,
IJGI(11), No. 11, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2212
BibRef

Fan, S.J.[Shao-Jing], Shen, Z.Q.[Zhi-Qi], Jiang, M.[Ming], Koenig, B.L.[Bryan L.], Kankanhalli, M.S.[Mohan S.], Zhao, Q.[Qi],
Emotional Attention: From Eye Tracking to Computational Modeling,
PAMI(45), No. 2, February 2023, pp. 1682-1699.
IEEE DOI 2301
Computational modeling, Visualization, Observers, Benchmark testing, Analytical models, Deep learning, Data models, visual saliency BibRef

Khan, S.I.[Sibghatullah Inayatullah], Pachori, R.B.[Ram Bilas],
Automated Eye Movement Classification Based on EMG of EOM Signals Using FBSE-EWT Technique,
HMS(53), No. 2, April 2023, pp. 346-356.
IEEE DOI 2303
Electromyography, Feature extraction, Optimization, Support vector machines, Hafnium, Electrooculography, Training, multiclass support vector machine (MSVM) BibRef


Shenoy, J.[Jay], Fong, J.[James], Tan, J.[Jeffrey], Roorda, A.[Austin], Ng, R.[Ren],
R-SLAM: Optimizing Eye Tracking from Rolling Shutter Video of the Retina,
ICCV21(4832-4841)
IEEE DOI 2203
Imaging, Gaze tracking, Streaming media, Retina, Laser modes, Real-time systems, Low-level and physics-based vision, Motion and tracking BibRef

Stoffregen, T.[Timo], Daraei, H.[Hossein], Robinson, C.[Clare], Fix, A.[Alexander],
Event-Based Kilohertz Eye Tracking using Coded Differential Lighting,
WACV22(3937-3945)
IEEE DOI 2202
Headphones, Lighting, Gaze tracking, Cameras, Sensor systems, Reflection, Real-time systems, Real-time Tracking BibRef

Sun, L.[Lili], Hu, L.Z.[Li-Zhong], Zheng, F.[Feng], Sun, Y.[Yue], Cao, H.[Huai], Wu, L.[Lei],
Influence of HNB Product Packaging Health Warning Design on Risk Perception Based on Eye Tracking,
DHM21(II:390-402).
Springer DOI 2108
BibRef

Sun, L.[Lili], Hu, L.Z.[Li-Zhong], Xiang, L.[Lei], Wang, X.L.[Xiu-Ling], Wu, L.[Lei], Cao, H.[Huai],
Influence of the Color and Logo Position of HNB Products on User Experience Based on Eye Tracking,
DHM21(II:360-373).
Springer DOI 2108
BibRef

Rahman, S.[Shafin], Rahman, S.[Sejuti], Shahid, O.[Omar], Abdullah, M.T.[Md. Tahmeed], Sourov, J.A.[Jubair Ahmed],
Classifying Eye-Tracking Data Using Saliency Maps,
ICPR21(9288-9295)
IEEE DOI 2105
Learning systems, Visualization, Pediatrics, Psychology, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Data models BibRef

Bakardzhiev, H.[Hristo], van der Burgt, M.[Marloes], Martins, E.[Eduardo], van den Dool, B.[Bart], Jansen, C.[Chyara], van Scheppingen, D.[David], Wallner, G.[Günter], Burch, M.[Michael],
A Web-based Eye Tracking Data Visualization Tool,
ETTAC20(405-419).
Springer DOI 2103
BibRef

Elmadjian, C.[Carlos], Gonzales, C.[Candy], Morimoto, C.H.[Carlos H.],
Eye Movement Classification with Temporal Convolutional Networks,
ETTAC20(390-404).
Springer DOI 2103
BibRef

Garde, G.[Gonzalo], Larumbe-Bergera, A.[Andoni], Porta, S.[Sonia], Cabeza, R.[Rafael], Villanueva, A.[Arantxa],
Synthetic Gaze Data Augmentation for Improved User Calibration,
ETTAC20(377-389).
Springer DOI 2103
BibRef

Golard, A.[Andre], Talathi, S.S.[Sachin S.],
Ultrasound for Gaze Estimation,
ETTAC20(369-376).
Springer DOI 2103
BibRef

Lee, K.I.[Kang Il], Jeon, J.H.[Jung Ho], Song, B.C.[Byung Cheol],
Deep Learning-based Pupil Center Detection for Fast and Accurate Eye Tracking System,
ECCV20(XIX:36-52).
Springer DOI 2011
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Park, S.[Seonwook], Aksan, E.[Emre], Zhang, X.[Xucong], Hilliges, O.[Otmar],
Towards End-to-end Video-based Eye-tracking,
ECCV20(XII: 747-763).
Springer DOI 2010
BibRef

Wang, K.[Kang], Su, H.[Hui], Ji, Q.A.[Qi-Ang],
Neuro-Inspired Eye Tracking With Eye Movement Dynamics,
CVPR19(9823-9832).
IEEE DOI 2002
BibRef

Wang, K.[Kang], Zhao, R.[Rui], Su, H.[Hui], Ji, Q.A.[Qi-Ang],
Generalizing Eye Tracking With Bayesian Adversarial Learning,
CVPR19(11899-11908).
IEEE DOI 2002
BibRef

Lai, H., Saavedra-Peña, G., Sodini, C., Heldt, T., Sze, V.,
Enabling Saccade Latency Measurements with Consumer-Grade Cameras,
ICIP18(3169-3173)
IEEE DOI 1809
Cameras, Iris, Visualization, Lighting, Face, Robustness, Diseases, Eye tracking, convolutional neural networks, health monitoring, mobile imaging BibRef

Le Meur, O., Coutrot, A., Le Roch, A., Helo, A., Rämä, P., Liu, Z.,
Age-dependent saccadic models for predicting eye movements,
ICIP17(3740-3744)
IEEE DOI 1803
Analytical models, Computational modeling, Gaze tracking, Measurement, Observers, Predictive models, Visualization, visual scanpath BibRef

Marighetto, P., Coutrot, A., Riche, N., Guyader, N., Mancas, M., Gosselin, B., Laganiere, R.,
Audio-visual attention: Eye-tracking dataset and analysis toolbox,
ICIP17(1802-1806)
IEEE DOI 1803
Computational modeling, Databases, Dispersion, Measurement, Observers, Videos, Visualization, Audio-visual Attention, Visual Attention BibRef

Hsieh, Y.Y.[Yi-Yu], Liu, C.C.[Chia-Chen], Wang, W.L.[Wei-Lin], Chuang, J.H.[Jen-Hui],
Investigating Size Personalization for More Accurate Eye Tracking Glasses,
HCICV16(III: 239-248).
Springer DOI 1704
BibRef

Krafka, K., Khosla, A., Kellnhofer, P., Kannan, H., Bhandarkar, S., Matusik, W., Torralba, A.,
Eye Tracking for Everyone,
CVPR16(2176-2184)
IEEE DOI 1612
BibRef

Raptis, G.E.[George E.], Fidas, C.A.[Christos A.], Avouris, N.M.[Nikolaos M.],
Differences of Field Dependent/Independent Gamers on Cultural Heritage Playing: Preliminary Findings of an Eye-Tracking Study,
EuroMed16(II: 199-206).
Springer DOI 1611
BibRef

Dong, W.H.[Wei-Hua], Liao, H.[Hua],
Eye Tracking To Explore The Impacts Of Photorealistic 3d Representations In Pedstrian Navigation Performance,
ISPRS16(B2: 641-645).
DOI Link 1610
BibRef

Anantrasirichai, N., Gilchrist, I.D., Bull, D.R.,
Fixation identification for low-sample-rate mobile eye trackers,
ICIP16(3126-3130)
IEEE DOI 1610
Feature extraction BibRef

Zhou, M.C.[Ming-Cai], Wang, X.[Xiying], Wang, H.T.[Hai-Tao], Heo, J.[Jingu], Nam, D.[Dong_Kyung],
Precise eye localization with improved SDM,
ICIP15(4466-4470)
IEEE DOI 1512
Coarse-to-fine; Eye center localization; Multiple nonlinear feature; SDM BibRef

Ge, G.[Gary], Yun, K.[Kiwon], Samaras, D.[Dimitris], Zelinsky, G.J.[Gregory J.],
Action classification in still images using human eye movements,
Cognition15(16-23)
IEEE DOI 1510
Computer vision BibRef

Rhee, J.H.[Ji Hye], Sung, W.J.[Won Jun], Nam, M.Y.[Mi Young], Byun, H.R.[Hye-Ran], Rhee, P.K.[Phill Kyu],
An Efficient Eye Tracking Using POMDP for Robust Human Computer Interaction,
CVS15(415-423).
Springer DOI 1507
BibRef

Charoenpong, T.[Theekapun], Pattrapisetwong, P.[Preeyanan], Mahasitthiwat, V.[Visan],
A new method to detect nystagmus for vertigo diagnosis system by eye movement velocity,
MVA15(174-177)
IEEE DOI 1507
Accuracy BibRef

Benrachou, D.E.[Djamel Eddine], Neves dos Santos, F.[Filipe], Boulebtateche, B.[Brahim], Bensaoula, S.[Salah],
Automatic Eye Localization; Multi-block LBP vs. Pyramidal LBP Three-Levels Image Decomposition for Eye Visual Appearance Description,
IbPRIA15(718-726).
Springer DOI 1506
BibRef

Djilali, Y.A.D.[Yasser Abdelaziz Dahou], McGuinness, K.[Kevin], O'Connor, N.E.[Noel E.],
Simple baselines can fool 360° saliency metrics,
EyeTrack21(3743-3749)
IEEE DOI 2112
Measurement, Training, Deep learning, Computational modeling, Predictive models BibRef

Li, Y.B.[Ying-Bo], Wei, H.L.[Hao-Lin], Monaghan, D.S.[David S.], O'Connor, N.E.[Noel E.],
A Low-Cost Head and Eye Tracking System for Realistic Eye Movements in Virtual Avatars,
MMMod14(I: 461-472).
Springer DOI 1405
BibRef

Duong, C.N.[Chi Nhan], Dinh, T.C.P.[Thang Cap Pham], Ngo, T.D.[Thanh Duc], Le, D.D.[Duy-Dinh], Duong, D.A.[Duc Anh], Le, B.H.[Bac Hoai], Satoh, S.[Shin'ichi],
Robust eye localization in video by combining eye detector and eye tracker,
ICPR12(242-245).
WWW Link. 1302
BibRef

Araujo, G.M.[Gabriel M.], Silva, E.A.B.[Eduardo A. B.], Ciancio, A.G.[Alexandre G.], de Oliveira, J.F.L.[Jose F. L.], Ribeiro, F.M.L.[Felipe M. L.], Said, A.[Amir],
Integration of eye detection and tracking in videoconference sequences using temporal consistency and geometrical constraints,
ICIP12(421-424).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Mancas, M.[Matei], Pirri, F.[Fiora], Pizzoli, M.[Matia],
From Saliency to Eye Gaze: Embodied Visual Selection for a Pan-Tilt-Based Robotic Head,
ISVC11(I: 135-146).
Springer DOI 1109
BibRef

Ozturk, O.[Ovgu], Yamasaki, T.[Toshihiko], Aizawa, K.[Kiyoharu],
Estimating Human Body and Head Orientation Change to Detect Visual Attention Direction,
Gaze10(410-419).
Springer DOI 1109
BibRef

Chamaret, C.[Christel], Chevet, J.C., Le Meur, O.[Olivier],
Spatio-temporal combination of saliency maps and eye-tracking assessment of different strategies,
ICIP10(1077-1080).
IEEE DOI 1009
BibRef

Chamaret, C.[Christel], Le Meur, O.[Olivier],
Attention-based video reframing: Validation using eye-tracking,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Schnieders, D.[Dirk], Fu, X.D.[Xing-Dou], Wong, K.Y.K.[Kwan-Yee K.],
Reconstruction of display and eyes from a single image,
CVPR10(1442-1449).
IEEE DOI 1006
From reflections on the cornea. Used for gaze. BibRef

Delibasis, K.K., Asvestas, P., Matsopoulos, G.K., Economopoulos, T.L., Assimakis, N.,
A Real Time Eye-Motion Monitoring System,
WSSIP09(1-5).
IEEE DOI 0906
BibRef

Kirbis, M., Kramberger, I.,
Multi Channel EOG Signal Recognition for an Embedded Eye Movement Tracking Device,
WSSIP09(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0906
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Zhang, G.Y.[Guang-Yuan], Cheng, B.[Bo], Feng, R.J.[Rui-Jia], Zhang, X.B.[Xi-Bo],
A Real-Time Adaptive Learning Method for Driver Eye Detection,
DICTA08(300-304).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Simac-Lejeune, A.[Alain], Marat, S.[Sophie], Pellerin, D.[Denis], Lambert, P.[Patrick], Rombaut, M.[Michèle], Guyader, N.[Nathalie],
Relevance of Interest Points for Eye Position Prediction on Videos,
CVS09(325-334).
Springer DOI 0910
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Valenti, R.[Roberto], Yucel, Z.[Zeynep], Gevers, T.[Theo],
Robustifying eye center localization by head pose cues,
CVPR09(612-618).
IEEE DOI 0906
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Valenti, R.[Roberto], Gevers, T.[Theo],
Accurate eye center location and tracking using isophote curvature,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0806
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Thacker, N.A., Leek, C.,
Retina Sampling Feature Detection and Saccades; A Statistical Perspective.,
BMVC07(xx-yy).
PDF File. 0709
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Li, F.[Feng], Kolakowski, S.[Susan], Pelz, J.[Jeff],
Using Structured Illumination to Enhance Video-Based Eye Tracking,
ICIP07(I: 373-376).
IEEE DOI 0709
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Xiong, F.[Fei], Zhang, Y.[Yi], Zhang, G.L.[Gui-Lin],
A Pupil Localization Algorithm Based on Adaptive Gabor Filtering and Negative Radial Symmetry,
EMMCVPR07(87-96).
Springer DOI 0708
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Koh, E.J.[Eun Jin], Rhee, P.K.[Phill Kyu],
Merging and Arbitration Strategy Applied Bayesian Classification for Eye Location,
SSPR06(881-888).
Springer DOI 0608
BibRef

Wang, J.[Jun], Yin, L.J.[Li-Jun],
Detecting and Tracking Eyes Through Dynamic Terrain Feature Matching,
VHCI05(III: 78-78).
IEEE DOI 0507

See also Static topographic modeling for facial expression recognition and analysis. BibRef

Li, D.H.[Dong-Heng], Winfield, D., Parkhurst, D.J.,
Starburst: A hybrid algorithm for video-based eye tracking combining feature-based and model-based approaches,
VHCI05(III: 79-79).
IEEE DOI
PDF File. 0507

See also openEyes. BibRef

Li, D.H.[Dong-Heng], Babcock, J., Parkhurst, D.J.,
openEyes: A low-cost head-mounted eye-tracking solution,
Conference2006. Proceedings of the ACM Eye Tracking Research and Applications Symposium
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Terzic, K.[Kasim], Rodrigues, J.M.F.[Joao M.F.], du Buf, J.M.H.[J.M. Hans],
Fast cortical keypoints for real-time object recognition,
ICIP13(3372-3376)
IEEE DOI 1402
BibRef
And:
Real-Time Object Recognition Based on Cortical Multi-scale Keypoints,
IbPRIA13(314-321).
Springer DOI 1307
Computer vision BibRef

Rodrigues, J.M.F.[João M.F.], du Buf, J.M.H.[J.M. Hans],
Invariant Multi-scale Object Categorisation and Recognition,
IbPRIA07(I: 459-466).
Springer DOI 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
Face Recognition by Cortical Multi-scale Line and Edge Representations,
ICIAR06(II: 329-340).
Springer DOI 0610
BibRef
Earlier:
Multi-scale Cortical Keypoint Representation for Attention and Object Detection,
IbPRIA05(II:255).
Springer DOI 0509
BibRef
Earlier:
Visual Cortex Frontend: Integrating Lines, Edges, Keypoints, and Disparity,
ICIAR04(I: 664-671).
Springer DOI 0409

See also Cortical Multiscale Line-Edge Disparity Model. BibRef

Yang, P.[Peng], Du, B.[Bo], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Gao, W.[Wen],
A novel pupil localization method based on GaborEye model and radial symmetry operator,
ICIP04(I: 67-70).
IEEE DOI 0505
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Rurainsky, J.[Jurgen], Eisert, P.[Peter],
Eye Center Localization Using Adaptive Templates,
FaceVideo04(67).
IEEE DOI 0502
BibRef

Bagci, A.M., Ansari, R., Khokhar, A., Cetin, E.,
Eye tracking using Markov models,
ICPR04(III: 818-821).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Cohn, J.F., Reed, L.I., Moriyama, T., Xiao, J.[Jing], Schmidt, K., Ambadar, Z.,
Multimodal coordination of facial action, head rotation, and eye motion during spontaneous smiles,
AFGR04(129-135).
IEEE DOI 0411
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Tian, Y.L.[Ying-Li], Kanade, T.[Takeo], Cohn, J.F.[Jeffrey F.],
Dual-state Parametric Eye Tracking,
AFGR00(110-115).
IEEE DOI 0003
BibRef

Kapoor, A.[Ashish], Qi, Y.[Yuan], and Picard, R.W.[Rosalind W.],
Fully Automatic Upper Facial Action Recognition,
AMFG03(195-202).
IEEE DOI 0311
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And: Vismod-TR571, Oct 2003
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Kapoor, A., Picard, R.W.,
Real-time, fully automatic upper facial feature tracking,
AFGR02(8-13).
IEEE DOI 0206
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And: Vismod550. May 2002.
HTML Version. BibRef

Kapoor, A.[Ashish],
Automatic Facial Action Analysis,
Vismod552, June 2002.
HTML Version. 0306
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de Vault, D.J.[David J.], Bond, A.H.[Alan H.],
A Flexible Eyetracker for Psychological Applications,
WACV00(201-206).
IEEE DOI 0010
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Huang, W., Mariani, R.,
Face Detection and Precise Eyes Location,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 722-727).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Bergasa, L.M., Mazo, M., Gardel, A., Barea, R., Boquete, L.,
Commands Generation by Face Movements Applied to the Guidance of a Wheelchair for Handicapped People,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 660-663).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Haro, A.[Antonio], Flickner, M.D.[Myron D.], Essa, I.A.[Irfan A.],
Detecting and Tracking Eyes by using their Physiological Properties, Dynamics, and Appearance,
CVPR00(I: 163-168).
IEEE DOI 0005
pairs of eyes => multiple people BibRef

Bakic, V., Stockman, G.,
Real-time Tracking of Face Features and Gaze Direction Determination,
WACV98(256-257).
IEEE DOI 9809
BibRef

Yeasin, M.[Mohammed], Kuniyoshi, Y.[Yasuo],
Detecting and Tracking Human Face and Eye using Space-Varying Sensor and an Active Vision Head,
CVPR00(II: 168-173).
IEEE DOI 0005
BibRef

Sugimoto, T.[Takeo], Xu, G.[Gang],
Rits Eye: A Software-Based System for Realtime Face Detection and Tracking Using Pan-Tilt-Zoom Controllable Camera,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1194-1197).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Basu, A.[Anup], Yin, L.J.[Li-Jun], Pinz, A.[Axel], Bernogger, S.[Stefan],
Eye Tracking and Animation for MPEG-4 Coding,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1281-1284).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.], Moghaddam, B.[Baback], and Pentland, A.P.[Alex P.],
Active Face Tracking and Pose Estimation in an Interactive Room,
CVPR96(67-72).
IEEE DOI Media Lab gaze following. BibRef 9600

Brinicombe, A.M., Boyce, J.F., Durnell, L.,
Direction of regard determination,
ICIP96(II: 169-172).
IEEE DOI 9610
BibRef

Tunley, H., Young, D.S.,
Iris Localisation for a Head-Mounted Eye Tracker,
BMVC95(xx-yy).
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Lehmann, T., Kaupp, A., Effert, R., Meyer-Ebrecht, D.,
Automatic strabometry by Hough-transformation and covariance-filtering,
ICIP94(I: 421-425).
IEEE DOI 9411
BibRef
And: A2, A1, A3, A4:
Automatic measurement of the angle of squint by Hough-transformation and covariance-filtering,
ICPR94(A:784-786).
IEEE DOI 9410
BibRef

Moore, S.T., Haslwanter, T., Curthoys, I.S., Smith, S.T.,
Measurement of three dimensional eye position using image processing: a geometric approach,
ICIP94(I: 436-440).
IEEE DOI 9411
BibRef

Chapter on Face Recognition, Detection, Tracking, Gesture Recognition, Fingerprints, Biometrics continues in
Gaze Tracking, Gaze Determination .


Last update:Mar 16, 2024 at 20:36:19