13.4.1.3 Active Appearance Models: AAM

Chapter Contents (Back)
AAM. Object Recognition. Active Appearance Models. Many are mixed with the Deformable Models section:
See also Deformable Models, University of Manchester Papers.

Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Automatic Interpretation and Coding of Face Images Using Flexible Models,
PAMI(19), No. 7, July 1997, pp. 743-756.
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef
Earlier:
A Unified Approach for Coding and Interpreting Face Images,
ICCV95(368-373).
IEEE DOI Tracking to get pose and expression. BibRef

Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Automatic Face Identification System Using Flexible Appearance Models,
IVC(13), No. 5, June 1995, pp. 393-401.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9506
Earlier: BMVC94(xx-yy).
PDF File. 9409
BibRef
Earlier:
A Generic System for Classifying Variable Objects using Flexible Template Matching,
BMVC93(329-338).
PDF File. Parameterized model for apearance, 3D pose, facial expression and lighting, thus both the shape and gray level appearance. 100 parameters for reconstruction use these for identification. 630 face database.
See also Model-Based Image Interpretation Using Genetic Algorithms.
See also Automatically building appearance models from image sequences using salient features.
See also Toward Automatic Simulation of Aging Effects on Face Images. BibRef

Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Automatic Tracking, Coding and Reconstruction of Human Faces using Flexible Appearance Models,
IEE Electronic Letters(30), 1994, pp. 1578-1579 BibRef 9400

Edwards, G.J., Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Statistical Models of Face Images: Improving Specificity,
IVC(16), No. 3, March 16 1998, pp. 203-211.
Elsevier DOI 9804
BibRef
Earlier:
Modelling the variability in face images,
AFGR96(328-333).
IEEE DOI 9610
BibRef
And:
Statistical Models of Face Images: Recent Advances,
BMVC96(Faces). 9608
University of Manchester BibRef

Edwards, G.J.[Gareth J.], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.[Timothy F.],
Improving Identification Performance by Integrating Evidence from Sequences,
CVPR99(I: 486-491).
IEEE DOI Evaluation, Face Recognition. Learn how the face changes through a sequence, use the video to identify the face. BibRef 9900

Cootes, T.F., Wheeler, G.V., Walker, K.N., Taylor, C.J.,
Coupled-View Active Appearance Models,
BMVC00(xx-yy).
PDF File. 0009
BibRef

Edwards, G.J., Taylor, C.J., and Cootes, T.F.,
Learning to Identify and Track Faces in Image Sequences,
AFGR98(260-265).
IEEE DOI BibRef 9800
Earlier: ICCV98(317-322).
IEEE DOI BibRef BMVC97(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0209
BibRef

Edwards, G.J., Taylor, C.J.[Christopher J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Interpreting Face Images Using Active Appearance Models,
AFGR98(300-305).
IEEE DOI
See also Active Appearance Models. BibRef 9800

Edwards, G.J., Cootes, T.F., Taylor, C.J.[Christopher J.],
Face recognition using active appearance models,
ECCV98(II: 581).
Springer DOI BibRef 9800

Matthews, I.[Iain], Baker, S.[Simon],
Active Appearance Models Revisited,
IJCV(60), No. 2, November 2004, pp. 135-164.
DOI Link 0406
BibRef
Earlier: CMU-RI-TR-03-02, April, 2003.
HTML Version. 0306
BibRef

Dedeoglu, G.[Göksel], Baker, S.[Simon], Kanade, T.[Takeo],
Resolution-Aware Fitting of Active Appearance Models to Low Resolution Images,
ECCV06(II: 83-97).
Springer DOI 0608

See also Asymmetry of Image Registration and Its Application to Face Tracking, The. BibRef

Baker, S., Matthews, I., Schneider, J.,
Automatic Construction of Active Appearance Models as an Image Coding Problem,
PAMI(26), No. 10, October 2004, pp. 1380-1384.
IEEE Abstract.
HTML Version. 0409
BibRef
Earlier:
Image Coding with Active Appearance Models,
CMU-RI-TR-03-13, April, 2003.
HTML Version. 0306
BibRef

Gross, R.[Ralph], Matthews, I.[Iain], Baker, S.[Simon],
Generic vs. Person Specific Active Appearance Models,
IVC(23), No. 12, 1 November 2005, pp. 1080-1093.
Elsevier DOI 0510
BibRef
Earlier: BMVC04(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0508
BibRef

Gross, R.[Ralph], Matthews, I.[Iain], Baker, S.[Simon],
Active appearance models with occlusion,
IVC(24), No. 6, 1 June 2006, pp. 593-604.
Elsevier DOI
HTML Version. 0606
BibRef
Earlier:
Constructing and Fitting Active Appearance Models with Occlusion,
FaceVideo04(72).
IEEE DOI
HTML Version. 0502
Model-based face analysis; Robust model fitting; Fitting with occlusion. Generative model to track faces in video. BibRef

Theobald, B.J., Matthews, I.[Iain], and Baker, S.[Simon],
Evaluating Error Functions for Robust Active Appearance Models,
FGR06(149-154).
IEEE DOI
HTML Version. 0604
BibRef

Hu, C., Xiao, J., Matthews, I., Baker, S., Cohn, J.F., Kanade, T.,
Fitting a Single Active Appearance Model Simultaneously to Multiple Images,
BMVC04(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0508
BibRef

Batur, A.U., Hayes, III, M.H.,
Adaptive Active Appearance Models,
IP(14), No. 11, November 2005, pp. 1707-1721.
IEEE DOI 0510
BibRef
Earlier:
A novel convergence scheme for active appearance models,
CVPR03(I: 359-366).
IEEE DOI 0307
BibRef

Doretto, G.[Gianfranco], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
Dynamic Shape and Appearance Models,
PAMI(28), No. 12, December 2006, pp. 2006-2019.
IEEE DOI 0611
Joint variation of shape and appearence. BibRef

Doretto, G.[Gianfranco],
Modeling Dynamic Scenes with Active Appearance,
CVPR05(I: 66-73).
IEEE DOI 0507
Rathern than only appearence, only shape, or only motion, model all three together. Extension of AAM (
See also Active Appearance Models. ) to temporal domain. BibRef

Wang, X.G.[Xiao-Gang], Doretto, G.[Gianfranco], Sebastian, T.[Thomas], Rittscher, J.[Jens], Tu, P.[Peter],
Shape and Appearance Context Modeling,
ICCV07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0710
BibRef

Beichel, R., Bischof, H., Leberl, F., Sonka, M.,
Robust Active Appearance Models and Their Application to Medical Image Analysis,
MedImg(24), No. 9, September 2005, pp. 1151-1169.
IEEE DOI 0509
BibRef

Beichel, R., Mitchell, S., Sorantin, E., Leberl, F., Goshtasby, A., Sonka, M.,
Shape- and Appearance-based Segmentation of Volumetric Medical Images,
ICIP01(II: 589-592).
IEEE DOI 0108
BibRef

Duta, N.[Nicolae], Sonka, M.[Milan],
An improved active shape model: Handling occlusion and outliers,
CIAP97(I: 398-405).
Springer DOI 9709
BibRef

Christoudias, C.M.[Chris Mario], Morency, L.P.[Louis-Philippe], Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.],
Non-parametric and light-field deformable models,
CVIU(104), No. 1, October 2006, pp. 16-35.
Elsevier DOI 0609
BibRef
Earlier:
Light Field Morphable Models,
MIT AIMAIM-2003-010, April 18, 2003.
WWW Link. Image morphing; PCA; Shape-and-texture appearance model; Deformable model; Active appearance model; Multidimensional morphable model; Light-field; Non-Lambertian surface reflectance; Nonlinear appearance manifold. We describe how to construct a manifold of the multi-view appearance of an object class using light fields and show how to match a 2D image of an object to a point on this manifold. In turn we use the reconstructed light field to render novel views of the object 0306
BibRef

Christoudias, C.M.[C. Mario], Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.],
On Modelling Nonlinear Shape-and-Texture Appearance Manifolds,
CVPR05(II: 1067-1074).
IEEE DOI 0507
BibRef

Ramnath, K.[Krishnan], Koterba, S.[Seth], Xiao, J.[Jing], Hu, C.B.[Chang-Bo], Matthews, I.[Iain], Baker, S.[Simon], Cohn, J.F.[Jeffrey F.], Kanade, T.[Takeo],
Multi-View AAM Fitting and Construction,
IJCV(76), No. 2, February 2008, pp. 183-204.
Springer DOI 0801
BibRef
Earlier: A2, A6, A5, A4, A3, A7, A8, Only:
Multi-View AAM Fitting and Camera Calibration,
ICCV05(I: 511-518).
IEEE DOI 0510
Calibration. AAM: Active Appearance Model. Essentially use the face as the calibration grid. BibRef

Xiao, J.[Jing], Baker, S., Matthews, I., Kanade, T.,
Real-time combined 2D+3D active appearance models,
CVPR04(II: 535-542).
IEEE DOI 0408
Show 2D AAM can model faces as well as 3D Morphable Models.
See also Multi-View AAM Fitting and Construction. BibRef

am_tools,
2007.
HTML Version. Code, Active Appearance Model. A set of tools to build and play with Appearance Models and AAMs.
See also University of Manchester, Medicine.

AAM Building,
February, 2007.
WWW Link. Code, Active Appearance Model. Code, Open Source.

Stegmann, M.B.[Mikkel B.],
Active Appearance Models,
Online2007.
WWW Link. Code, Active Appearance Model. Dataset, Active Appearance Model. AAM code and information.
See also Technical University of Denmark. BibRef 0700

Sung, J.W.[Jae-Won], Kanade, T.[Takeo], Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin],
A Unified Gradient-Based Approach for Combining ASM into AAM,
IJCV(75), No. 2, November 2007, pp. 297-309.
Springer DOI 0710
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, Only:
A Unified Approach for Combining ASM into AAM,
PSIVT06(353-362).
Springer DOI 0612

See also STAAM: Fitting a 2D+3D AAM to Stereo Images. BibRef

Lee, S.J.[Sang-Jae], Sung, J.W.[Jae-Won], Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin],
Incremental Update of Linear Appearance Models and Its Application to AAM: Incremental AAM,
ICIAR07(538-547).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Lee, H.S.[Hyung-Soo], Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin],
Tensor-Based AAM with Continuous Variation Estimation: Application to Variation-Robust Face Recognition,
PAMI(31), No. 6, June 2009, pp. 1102-1116.
IEEE DOI 0904
Tensor based to handle face pose, illumination, expression variations. BibRef

Donner, R.[Rene], Reiter, M.[Michael], Langs, G.[Georg], Peloschek, P., Bischof, H.[Horst],
Fast Active Appearance Model Search Using Canonical Correlation Analysis,
PAMI(28), No. 10, October 2006, pp. 1690-1694.
IEEE DOI 0609
Combine Texture and model.
See also Appearance Models Based on Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis.
See also Fast Anatomical Structure Localization Using Top-Down Image Patch Regression. BibRef

Langs, G.[Georg], Peloschek, P.[Philipp], Donner, R.[Rene], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Multiple appearance models,
PR(40), No. 9, September 2007, pp. 2485-2495.
Elsevier DOI 0705
BibRef
Earlier:
A Clique of Active Appearance Models by Minimum Description Length,
BMVC05(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0509
MDL; Model building; Active appearance models; Medical imaging; Eigenimages BibRef

Donner, R.[Rene], Langs, G.[Georg], Micusik, B.[Branislav], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Generalized sparse MRF appearance models,
IVC(28), No. 6, June 2010, pp. 1031-1038.
Elsevier DOI 1003
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A2, A4:
Sparse MRF Appearance Models for Fast Anatomical Structure Localisation,
BMVC07(xx-yy).
PDF File. 0709
Markov Random Fields; Appearance models; Object localization; Medical imaging BibRef

Langs, G.[Georg], Peloschek, P.[Philipp], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Optimal Sub-Shape Models by Minimum Description Length,
CVPR05(II: 310-315).
IEEE DOI 0507
BibRef

Langs, G.[Georg], Peloschek, P.[Philipp], Donner, R.[Rene], Reiter, M.[Michael], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Active Feature Models,
ICPR06(I: 417-420).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Ketchantang, W., Derrode, S., Martin, L., Bourennane, S.[Salah],
Pearson-based mixture model for color object tracking,
MVA(19), No. 5-6, October 2008, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 0810
Dynamically updates mixture model to appearance changes. BibRef

Zhu, J.K.[Jian-Ke], Lyu, M.R.[Michael R.], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
A Fast 2D Shape Recovery Approach by Fusing Features and Appearance,
PAMI(31), No. 7, July 2009, pp. 1210-1224.
IEEE DOI 0905
Both appearance and local features. Linear solution for surface detection. Deformable Lucas-Kanade to contstain the deformation.
See also Iterative Image Registration Technique with an Application to Stereo Vision, An. BibRef

Zhu, J.K.[Jian-Ke], Hoi, S.C.H.[Steven C.H.], Lyu, M.R.[Michael R.],
Face Annotation Using Transductive Kernel Fisher Discriminant,
MultMed(10), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 86-96.
IEEE DOI 0905
BibRef
Earlier:
Real-Time Non-rigid Shape Recovery Via Active Appearance Models for Augmented Reality,
ECCV06(I: 186-197).
Springer DOI 0608
BibRef

Ionita, M.C., Corcoran, P., Buzuloiu, V.,
On Color Texture Normalization for Active Appearance Models,
IP(18), No. 6, June 2009, pp. 1372-1378.
IEEE DOI 0905
BibRef

Saragih, J.M.[Jason M.], Goecke, R.[Roland],
Learning AAM fitting through simulation,
PR(42), No. 11, November 2009, pp. 2628-2636.
Elsevier DOI 0907
BibRef
Earlier:
A Nonlinear Discriminative Approach to AAM Fitting,
ICCV07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0710
BibRef
And:
Monocular and Stereo Methods for AAM Learning from Video,
CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
Iterative Error Bound Minimisation for AAM Alignment,
ICPR06(II: 1192-1195).
IEEE DOI 0609
Active appearance model; Fitting; Discriminative; Linear model BibRef

Chen, L.H.[Lu-Hung], Yang, Y.H.[Yao-Hsiang], Chen, C.S.[Chu-Song], Cheng, M.Y.[Ming-Yen],
Illumination invariant feature extraction based on natural images statistics: Taking face images as an example,
CVPR11(681-688).
IEEE DOI 1106
Invariants in low-frequency features. BibRef

Asthana, A.[Akshay], Sanderson, C.[Conrad], Gedeon, T.[Tom], Goecke, R.[Roland],
Learning-based Face Synthesis for Pose-robust Recognition from Single Image,
BMVC09(xx-yy).
PDF File.
PDF File. 0909
BibRef

Asthana, A.[Akshay], Khwaja, A.[Asim], Goecke, R.[Roland],
Automatic frontal face annotation and AAM building for arbitrary expressions from a single frontal image only,
ICIP09(2445-2448).
IEEE DOI 0911
BibRef

Asthana, A.[Akshay], Goecke, R.[Roland], Quadrianto, N.[Novi], Gedeon, T.[Tom],
Learning based automatic face annotation for arbitrary poses and expressions from frontal images only,
CVPR09(1635-1642).
IEEE DOI 0906
BibRef

Liu, L.Q.[Ling-Qiao], Wang, L.[Lei], Shen, C.H.[Chun-Hua],
A Generalized Probabilistic Framework for Compact Codebook Creation,
PAMI(38), No. 2, February 2016, pp. 224-237.
IEEE DOI 1601
BibRef
Earlier: CVPR11(1537-1544).
IEEE DOI 1106
Bayes methods. Framework to merge keywords in hierarchical code-book. BibRef

Lee, S.J.[Sung Joo], Park, K.R.[Kang Ryoung], Kim, J.H.[Jai-Hie],
A comparative study of facial appearance modeling methods for active appearance models,
PRL(30), No. 14, 15 October 2009, pp. 1335-1346.
Elsevier DOI 0909
Active appearance model; Non-negative matrix factorization; Facial appearance modeling; Local non-negative matrix factorization; Non-smooth non-negative matrix factorization BibRef

Noceti, N.[Nicoletta], Delponte, E.[Elisabetta], Odone, F.[Francesca],
Spatio-temporal constraints for on-line 3D object recognition in videos,
CVIU(113), No. 12, Decmeber 2009, pp. 1198-1209.
Elsevier DOI 0911
View-based 3D object recognition; Local keypoints; Space-time coherence; Continuous views; Interactive recognition; On-line recognition; Real-time recognition BibRef

Noceti, N.[Nicoletta], Destrero, A.[Augusto], Lovato, A.[Alberto], Odone, F.[Francesca],
Combined Motion and Appearance Models for Robust Object Tracking in Real-Time,
AVSBS09(412-417).
IEEE DOI 0909

See also Combining Retrieval and Classification for Real-Time Face Recognition. BibRef

Delponte, E., Noceti, N., Odone, F., Verri, A.,
Appearance-based 3D object recognition with time-invariant features,
CIAP07(467-474).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Séguier, R.[Renaud], Le Gallou, S.[Sylvain], Breton, G.[Gaspard], Garcia, C.[Christophe],
Adapted Active Appearance Models,
JIVP(2009), No. 2009, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1002
BibRef

Butakoff, C.[Constantine], Frangi, A.F.[Alejandro F.],
Multi-view face segmentation using fusion of statistical shape and appearance models,
CVIU(114), No. 3, March 2010, pp. 311-321.
Elsevier DOI 1003
AAM; ASM; Model fusion; Statistical model; Shape model; Face segmentation; Multi-view segmentation BibRef

Gao, X., Su, Y., Li, X., Tao, D.,
A Review of Active Appearance Models,
SMC-C(40), No. 2, March 2010, pp. 145-158.
IEEE DOI 1003
Survey, AAM. Survey, Active Appearance Models. BibRef

Wang, X.K.[Xiao-Kan], Mao, X.[Xia], Caleanu, C.D.[Catalin-Daniel],
Nonlinear Shape-Texture Manifold Learning,
IEICE(E93-D), No. 7, July 2010, pp. 2016-2019.
WWW Link. 1008
Improving non-linear performance of AAM BibRef

Ayala-Raggi, S.E.[Salvador E.], Altamirano-Robles, L.[Leopoldo], Cruz-Enriquez, J.[Janeth],
Automatic face interpretation using fast 3D illumination-based AAM models,
CVIU(115), No. 2, February 2011, pp. 194-210.
Elsevier DOI 1102
Active appearance models; Face interpretation; 3D face alignment; 3D model fitting; Face modeling; Illumination modeling; Unconstrained face analysis BibRef

Su, Y.[Ya], Gao, X.B.[Xin-Bo],
Iterative Shape Refinement in AAM,
IJIG(11), No. 1, January 2011, pp. 137-151.
DOI Link 1103
BibRef

Teijeiro-Mosquera, L.[Lucia], Alba-Castro, J.L.[Jose-Luis],
Performance of active appearance model-based pose-robust face recognition,
IET-CV(5), No. 6, 2011, pp. 348-357.
DOI Link 1112
BibRef

Teijeiro-Mosquera, L.[Lucia], Alba-Castro, J.L.[Jose-Luis], Gonzalez-Jimenez, D.[Daniel],
Face Recognition Across Pose with Automatic Estimation of Pose Parameters through AAM-Based Landmarking,
ICPR10(1339-1342).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef

Lucey, S.[Simon], Navarathna, R.[Rajitha], Ashraf, A.B.[Ahmed Bilal], Sridharan, S.[Sridha],
Fourier Lucas-Kanade Algorithm,
PAMI(35), No. 6, June 2013, pp. 1383-1396.
IEEE DOI 1305

See also Iterative Image Registration Technique with an Application to Stereo Vision, An. BibRef

Navarathna, R.[Rajitha], Sridharan, S.[Sridha], Lucey, S.[Simon],
Fourier Active Appearance Models,
ICCV11(1919-1926).
IEEE DOI 1201
For AAM to generalize, applied to filtered image, but computationally expensive. BibRef

Chen, Y., Yu, F., Ai, C.,
Sequential Active Appearance Model Based on Online Instance Learning,
SPLetters(20), No. 6, 2013, pp. 567-570.
IEEE DOI 1307
Active appearance model; incremental learning; non-rigid registration; principle component analysis BibRef

Ge, Y.X.[Yong-Xin], Yang, D.[Dan], Lu, J.W.[Ji-Wen], Li, B.[Bo], Zhang, X.H.[Xiao-Hong],
Active appearance models using statistical characteristics of Gabor based texture representation,
JVCIR(24), No. 5, July 2013, pp. 627-634.
Elsevier DOI 1306
Active appearance model (AAM); Gabor wavelet; Image registration; Gabor magnitude; Gabor phase; Statistical model; Gamma distribution; Gamma Gaussian distribution BibRef

Huang, S.[Sheng], Yang, D.[Dan], Zhang, H.P.[Hao-Peng], Huangfu, L.[Luwen], Zhang, X.H.[Xiao-Hong],
Shape primitive histogram: Low-level face representation for face recognition,
IET-Bio(3), No. 4, 2014, pp. 325-334.
DOI Link 1504
face recognition BibRef

Lin, C.Y.[Chih-Yang], Kang, L.W.[Li-Wei], Kao, J.H.[Jau-Hong], Lu, C.S.[Chun-Shien], Wu, Y.T.[Yi-Ta],
Multi-camera invariant appearance modeling for non-rigid object identification in a real-time environment,
JVCIR(24), No. 6, August 2013, pp. 717-728.
Elsevier DOI 1306
Appearance model; Identification; Invariant features; Surveillance; Multi-camera; Real-time system; Gaussian mixture model; Hierarchical tree structures BibRef

Anderson, R.[Robert], Stenger, B.[Björn], Cipolla, R.[Roberto],
Using Bounded Diameter Minimum Spanning Trees to Build Dense Active Appearance Models,
IJCV(110), No. 1, October 2014, pp. 48-57.
Springer DOI
WWW Link. 1410
BibRef
Earlier:
Dense Active Appearance Models Using a Bounded Diameter Minimum Spanning Tree,
BMVC12(131).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef

Antonakos, E.[Epameinondas], Alabort-i-Medina, J.[Joan], Tzimiropoulos, G.[Georgios], Zafeiriou, S.P.[Stefanos P.],
Feature-Based Lucas-Kanade and Active Appearance Models,
IP(24), No. 9, September 2015, pp. 2617-2632.
IEEE DOI 1506
feature extraction BibRef

Alabort-i-Medina, J.[Joan], Zafeiriou, S.P.[Stefanos P.],
A Unified Framework for Compositional Fitting of Active Appearance Models,
IJCV(121), No. 1, January 2017, pp. 26-64.
Springer DOI 1702
BibRef
Earlier:
Bayesian Active Appearance Models,
CVPR14(3438-3445)
IEEE DOI 1409
Active Appearance Models;Bayesian;Face Alignment;Gauss-Newton BibRef

Antonakos, E.[Epameinondas], Alabort-i-Medina, J.[Joan], Zafeiriou, S.P.[Stefanos P.],
Active Pictorial Structures,
CVPR15(5435-5444)
IEEE DOI 1510
BibRef

Antonakos, E.[Epameinondas], Alabort-i-Medina, J.[Joan], Tzimiropoulos, G.[Georgios], Zafeiriou, S.P.[Stefanos P.],
HOG active appearance models,
ICIP14(224-228)
IEEE DOI 1502
Active appearance model BibRef

Tzimiropoulos, G.[Georgios], Alabort-i-Medina, J.[Joan], Zafeiriou, S.P.[Stefanos P.], Pantic, M.[Maja],
Generic Active Appearance Models Revisited,
ACCV12(III:650-663).
Springer DOI 1304
BibRef

Kossaifi, J.[Jean], Tzimiropoulos, G.[Georgios], Pantic, M.[Maja],
Fast and Exact Newton and Bidirectional Fitting of Active Appearance Models,
IP(26), No. 2, February 2017, pp. 1040-1053.
IEEE DOI 1702
BibRef
Earlier:
Fast and exact bi-directional fitting of active appearance models,
ICIP15(1135-1139)
IEEE DOI 1512
BibRef
Earlier:
Fast Newton active appearance models,
ICIP14(1420-1424)
IEEE DOI 1502
Newton method. Active Appearance Models. Accuracy BibRef

Tzimiropoulos, G.[Georgios], Pantic, M.[Maja],
Fast Algorithms for Fitting Active Appearance Models to Unconstrained Images,
IJCV(122), No. 1, March 2017, pp. 17-33.
Springer DOI 1702
BibRef

Naoui, O.E.[Oum El_Kheir], Mahmoudi, S.[Saïd], Belalem, G.[Ghalem],
Towards a distributed and parallel schema for active appearance model implementation,
IJCVR(6), No. 1-2, 2016, pp. 19-40.
DOI Link 1601
BibRef

Ma, J.Z.[Ji-Zhou], Li, S.[Shuai], Qin, H.[Hong], Hao, A.[Aimin],
Adaptive appearance modeling via hierarchical entropy analysis over multi-type features,
PR(98), 2020, pp. 107059.
Elsevier DOI 1911
Description model, Adaptive feature selection, Random forest, Hierarchical maximum entropy model, Image classification BibRef


Ge, Y., Min, C., Jagersand, M., Yang, D.,
Active appearance model search using partial least squares regression,
VCIP15(1-4)
IEEE DOI 1605
Active appearance model BibRef

Qu, C.C.[Cheng-Chao], Monari, E.[Eduardo], Schuchert, T.[Tobias],
Resolution-aware Constrained Local Model with mixture of local experts,
AVSS13(454-459)
IEEE DOI 1311
Active appearance model BibRef

Mollahosseini, A.[Ali], Mahoor, M.H.[Moohammad H.],
Bidirectional Warping of Active Appearance Model,
AMFG13(875-880)
IEEE DOI 1309
Active Appearance Model;Bidirectional warping;Facial landmark detetion BibRef

Zhao, X.W.[Xiao-Wei], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Chai, X.J.[Xiu-Juan], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin],
Locality-Constrained Active Appearance Model,
ACCV12(I:636-647).
Springer DOI 1304
BibRef

Ding, J.W.[Jian-Wei], Huang, Y.Z.[Yong-Zhen], Huang, K.Q.[Kai-Qi], Tan, T.N.[Tie-Niu],
Robust object tracking via online learning of adaptive appearance manifold,
VS11(1863-1869).
IEEE DOI 1201
Appearence modeling for tracking. BibRef

Sethuram, A.[Amrutha], Ricanek, K.[Karl], Patterson, E.[Eric],
A comparative study of active appearance model annotation schemes for the face,
ICCVGIP10(367-374).
DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Davies, A.[Alexander], Ek, C.H.[Carl Henrik], Dalton, C.J.[Colin J.], Campbell, N.W.[Neill W.],
Facial Movement Based Recognition,
MIRAGE11(51-62).
Springer DOI 1110
Recognition through facial motion. BibRef

Chen, X.J.[Xin-Jian], Yao, J.H.[Jian-Hua], Zhuge, Y.[Ying], Bagci, U.[Ulas],
3D automatic anatomy segmentation based on graph cut-oriented active appearance models,
ICIP10(3653-3656).
IEEE DOI 1009
BibRef

Zhang, J.X.[Ji-Xia], Davoine, F.[Franck], Pan, C.H.[Chun-Hong],
An Active Appearance Model with a Derivative-Free Optimization,
MVA09(62-).
PDF File. 0905
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Tresadern, P.A.[Philip A.], Sauer, P.[Patrick], Cootes, T.F.[Tim F.],
Additive Update Predictors in Active Appearance Models,
BMVC10(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 1009
BibRef

van der Maaten, L.[Laurens], Hendriks, E.A.[Emile A.],
Capturing appearance variation in active appearance models,
CVPR4HB10(34-41).
IEEE DOI 1006
Extension of AAM for the large variations in face recognition. BibRef

Huo, H.W.[Hong-Wen], Feng, J.F.[Ju-Fu],
Face Recognition via AAM and Multi-features Fusion on Riemannian Manifolds,
ACCV09(III: 591-600).
Springer DOI 0909
BibRef

Stricker, R.[Ronny], Martin, C.[Christian], Gross, H.M.[Horst-Michael],
Increasing the Robustness of 2D Active Appearance Models for Real-World Applications,
CVS09(364-373).
Springer DOI 0910
BibRef

Ye, N.[Ning], Sim, T.[Terence],
Combining Facial Appearance and Dynamics for Face Recognition,
CAIP09(133-140).
Springer DOI 0909
BibRef

Yang, J.Y.[Jun-Yeong], Byun, H.R.[Hye-Ran],
Multi Subspaces Active Appearance Models,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0809
BibRef

Castelli, I., Maggini, M., Melacci, S., Sarti, L.,
Auto Associative Neural Network based Active Shape Models,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0809
BibRef

Wimmer, M.[Matthias], Fujie, S.[Shinya], Stulp, F.[Freek], Kobayashi, T.[Tetsunori], Radig, B.[Bernd],
An ASM fitting method based on machine learning that provides a robust parameter initialization for AAM fitting,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0809
BibRef

Sattar, A.[Abdul], Seguier, R.[Renaud],
MVAAM (multi-view active appearance model) optimized by multi-objective genetic algorithm,
FG08(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0809
BibRef

Nandi, S.[Sudipto], Guha, P.[Prithwijit], Venkatesh, K.S.,
Objects from Animacy: Joint Discovery in Shape and Haar Feature Space,
ICCVGIP08(730-737).
IEEE DOI 0812
Appearance models from full sequence. BibRef

Netzell, K.[Karl], Solem, J.E.[Jan Erik],
Efficient image inner products applied to active appearance models,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Aidarous, Y.[Yasser], Séguier, R.[Renaud],
Fast Simplex Optimization for Active Appearance Model,
PSIVT09(106-117).
Springer DOI 0901
BibRef

Sattar, A.[Abdul], Aidarous, Y.[Yasser], Seguier, R.[Renaud],
GAGM-AAM: A genetic optimization with Gaussian mixtures for Active Appearance Models,
ICIP08(3220-3223).
IEEE DOI 0810
BibRef

Lui, Y.M.[Yui Man], Beveridge, J.R.[J. Ross],
Grassmann Registration Manifolds for Face Recognition,
ECCV08(II: 44-57).
Springer DOI 0810

See also Tangent bundle for human action recognition. BibRef

Lui, Y.M.[Yui Man], Beveridge, J.R., Howe, A.E., Whitley, L.D.,
Evolution Strategies for Matching Active Appearance Models to Human Faces,
BTAS07(1-7).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Peyras, J., Bartoli, A.E., Khoualed, S.K.,
Pools of AAMs: Towards Automatically Fitting any Face Image,
BMVC08(xx-yy).
PDF File. 0809
BibRef

Papandreou, G.[George], Maragos, P.[Petros],
Adaptive and constrained algorithms for inverse compositional Active Appearance Model fitting,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0806
BibRef

Pizarro, D.[Daniel], Peyras, J.[Julien], Bartoli, A.E.[Adrien E.],
Light-invariant fitting of active appearance models,
CVPR08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0806
BibRef

Ramnath, K.[Krishnan], Baker, S.[Simon], Matthews, I.[Iain], Ramanan, D.[Deva],
Increasing the density of Active Appearance Models,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0806
BibRef

Yu, X.[Xin], Tian, J.W.[Jin-Wen], Liu, J.[Jian],
Active Appearance Models Fitting with Occlusion,
EMMCVPR07(137-144).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Peyras, J.,
Segmented AAMs Improve Person-Indepedent Face Fitting,
BMVC07(xx-yy).
PDF File. 0709
BibRef

Mercier, H., Peyras, J., Dalle, P.,
Toward an Efficient and Accurate AAM Fitting on Appearance Varying Faces,
FGR06(363-368).
IEEE DOI 0604
BibRef

Huisman, P., van Munster, R., Moro-Ellenberger, S., Veldhuis, R.N.J., Bazen, A.M.,
Making 2D Face Recognition More Robust Using AAMs for Pose Compensation,
FGR06(108-113).
IEEE DOI 0604
BibRef

Kittipanya-Ngam, P., Cootes, T.F.,
The effect of texture representations on AAM performance,
ICPR06(II: 328-331).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1:
Comparing Variations on the Active Appearance Model Algorithm,
BMVC02(Face and Gesture Processing). 0208
BibRef

Liebelt, J.[Joerg], Xiao, J.[Jing], Yang, J.[Jie],
Robust AAM Fitting by Fusion of Images and Disparity Data,
CVPR06(II: 2483-2490).
IEEE DOI 0606
BibRef

Choi, K.T.[Kwon-Taeg], Ahn, J.H.[Jung-Ho], Byun, H.R.[Hye-Ran],
Face Alignment Using Segmentation and a Combined AAM in a PTZ Camera,
ICPR06(III: 1191-1194).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Faggian, N.[Nathan], Paplinski, A.P.[Andrew P.], Sherrah, J.[Jamie],
3D Morphable Model fitting from multiple views,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0809
BibRef
Earlier:
Active Appearance Models for Automatic Fitting of 3D Morphable Models,
AVSBS06(90-90).
IEEE DOI 0611
BibRef

Faggian, N.[Nathan], Paplinski, A.P.[Andrew P.], Chin, T.J.[Tat-Jun],
Face Recognition From Video using Active Appearance Model Segmentation,
ICPR06(I: 287-290).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Schreiber, S., Stormer, A., Rigoll, G.,
A Hierarchical ASM/AAM Approach in a Stochastic Framework for Fully Automatic Tracking and Recognition,
ICIP06(1773-1776).
IEEE DOI 0610
BibRef

Zhang, C.P.[Cui-Ping], Cohen, F.S.[Fernand S.],
Component-Based Active Appearance Models for Face Modelling,
ICB06(206-212).
Springer DOI 0601
BibRef
Earlier:
A Constrained Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Morphable Appearance Models,
EMMCVPR05(568-583).
Springer DOI 0601
BibRef

Jones, E.[Eagle], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
Layered Active Appearance Models,
ICCV05(II: 1097-1102).
IEEE DOI 0510
(AAM) Model the joint shape and texture. Layered allows for missing features. BibRef

Andreopoulos, A.[Alexander], Tsotsos, J.K.[John K.],
A Novel Algorithm for Fitting 3-D Active Appearance Models: Applications to Cardiac MRI Segmentation,
SCIA05(729-739).
Springer DOI 0506
BibRef

Chapter on Matching and Recognition Using Volumes, High Level Vision Techniques, Invariants continues in
Invariants -- Principal Component Analysis .


Last update:Mar 16, 2024 at 20:36:19