25.4.6.4.1 Off Line Signature Analysis

Lam, C.F.[Chan F.], Kamins, D.[David],
Signature recognition through spectral analysis,
PR(22), No. 1, 1989, pp. 39-44.
Elsevier DOI 0309
BibRef

Ammar, M.[Maan], Yoshida, Y.[Yuuji], Fukumura, T.[Teruo],
Structural description and classification of signature images,
PR(23), No. 7, 1990, pp. 697-710.
Elsevier DOI 0401
BibRef
Earlier:
Description of Signature Images and Its Application to Their Classification,
ICPR88(I: 23-26).
IEEE DOI BibRef
Earlier:
A New Effective Approach for Off-Line Verification of Signatures by Using Pressure Features,
ICPR86(566-569). BibRef

Ammar, M.[Maan],
Performance of parametric and reference pattern based features in static signature verification: a comparative study,
ICPR90(I: 646-648).
IEEE DOI 9006
BibRef

Lee, S., Pan, J.C.,
Offline Tracing and Representation of Signatures,
SMC(22), No. 4, 1992, pp. 755-771. BibRef 9200
Earlier: A2, A1: CVPR91(679-680).
IEEE DOI 0403
BibRef

Drouhard, J.P., Sabourin, R., Godbout, M.,
A Neural-Network Approach to Off-Line Signature Verification Using Directional PDF,
PR(29), No. 3, March 1996, pp. 415-424.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9603
Earlier: A2, A1, Only:
Off-line signature verification using directional PDF and neural networks,
ICPR92(II:321-325).
IEEE DOI 9208
BibRef

Sabourin, R., Drouhard, J.P., Wah, E.S.,
Shape Matrices as a Mixed Shape Factor for Off-Line Signature Verification,
ICDAR97(661-665).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Hafemann, L.G.[Luiz G.], Sabourin, R.[Robert], Oliveira, L.S.[Luiz S.],
Learning features for offline handwritten signature verification using deep convolutional neural networks,
PR(70), No. 1, 2017, pp. 163-176.
Elsevier DOI 1706
BibRef
And:
Offline handwritten signature verification- Literature review,
IPTA17(1-8)
IEEE DOI 1804
BibRef
Earlier:
Analyzing features learned for Offline Signature Verification using Deep CNNs,
ICPR16(2989-2994)
IEEE DOI 1705
feature extraction, handwriting recognition, image representation, learning (artificial intelligence). Signature verification. Computer architecture, Feature extraction, Forgery, Neural networks, Support vector machines, Training, Visualization BibRef

Sabourin, R.[Robert], Genest, G.[Ginette], Preteux, F.J.[Francoise J.],
Off-Line Signature Verification by Local Granulometric Size Distributions,
PAMI(19), No. 9, September 1997, pp. 976-988.
IEEE DOI 9710
BibRef
Earlier:
Pattern Spectrum as a Local Shape Factor for Off-Line Signature Verification,
ICPR96(III: 43-48).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Ecole de Technologie Super., CDN) BibRef

Sabourin, R.[Robert], Genest, G.[Ginette],
An extended-shadow-code based approach for off-line signature verification. I. Evaluation of the bar mask definition,
ICPR94(B:450-453).
IEEE DOI 9410
BibRef

Sabourin, R., Plamondon, R.,
Segmentation of Handwritten Signature Images Using the Statistics of Directional Data,
ICPR88(I: 282-285).
IEEE DOI BibRef 8800
Earlier:
Preprocessing of Handwritten Signatures from Image Gradient Analysis,
ICPR86(576-579). BibRef

Qi, Y.Y., Hunt, B.R.,
Signature Verification Using Global and Grid Features,
PR(27), No. 12, December 1994, pp. 1621-1629.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9412

Qi, Y.Y., Hunt, B.R.,
A Multiresolution Approach to Computer Verification of Handwritten Signatures,
IP(4), No. 6, June 1995, pp. 870-874.
IEEE DOI BibRef 9506

Yang, L., Widjaja, B.K., Prasad, R.,
Application of Hidden Markov-Models for Signature Verification,
PR(28), No. 2, February 1995, pp. 161-170.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9502

Bajaj, R., Chaudhury, S.,
Signature Verification Using Multiple Neural Classifiers,
PR(30), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 1-7.
Elsevier DOI 9702
BibRef

Kai, H., Yan, H.,
Off-Line Signature Verification Based on Geometric Feature-Extraction and Neural-Network Classification,
PR(30), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 9-17.
Elsevier DOI 9702
BibRef

Huang, K., Wu, J., Yan, H.,
Off-Line Writer Verification Utilizing Multiple Neural Networks,
OptEng(36), No. 11, November 1997, pp. 3127-3133. 9712
BibRef

Ramesh, V.E., Murty, M.N.[M. Narasimha],
Off-line signature verification using genetically optimized weighted features,
PR(32), No. 2, February 1999, pp. 217-233.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9902

Deng, P.S.H.[Peter Shao-Hua], Liao, H.Y.M.[Hong-Yuan Mark], Ho, C.W.[Chin Wen], Tyan, H.R.[Hsiao-Rong],
Wavelet-Based Off-Line Handwritten Signature Verification,
CVIU(76), No. 3, December 1999, pp. 173-190.
DOI Link 0001
BibRef

Franke, K.[Katrin], Köppen, M.[Mario],
A computer-based system to support forensic studies on handwritten documents,
IJDAR(3), No. 4, 2001, pp. 218-231.
Springer DOI 0106
BibRef

Franke, K.[Katrin],
Capturing Reliable Data for Computer-Based Forensic Handwriting Analysis II: Pen-position Activations,
ICDAR09(1310-1314).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Xiao, X.H.[Xu-Hong], Leedham, G.[Graham],
Signature verification using a modified Bayesian network,
PR(35), No. 5, May 2002, pp. 983-995.
Elsevier DOI 0202

See also Knowledge-based English cursive script segmentation. BibRef

Quek, C., Zhou, R.W.,
Antiforgery: a novel pseudo-outer product based fuzzy neural network driven signature verification system,
PRL(23), No. 14, December 2002, pp. 1795-1816.
Elsevier DOI 0208
BibRef

Mizukami, Y.[Yoshiki], Yoshimura, M.[Mitsu], Miike, H.[Hidetoshi], Yoshimura, I.[Isao],
An off-line signature verification system using an extracted displacement function,
PRL(23), No. 13, November 2002, pp. 1569-1577.
Elsevier DOI 0206
BibRef

Huang, K.[Kai], Yan, H.[Hong],
Off-line signature verification using structural feature correspondence,
PR(35), No. 11, November 2002, pp. 2467-2477.
Elsevier DOI 0208
BibRef

Fang, B., Leung, C.H., Tang, Y.Y., Kwok, P.C.K., Tse, K.W., Wong, Y.K.,
Offline signature verification with generated training samples,
VISP(149), No. 2, April 2002, pp. 85-90.
IEEE Top Reference. 0208
BibRef

Fang, B., Leung, C.H., Tang, Y.Y., Tse, K.W., Kwok, P.C.K., Wong, Y.K.,
Off-line signature verification by the tracking of feature and stroke positions,
PR(36), No. 1, January 2003, pp. 91-101.
Elsevier DOI 0210
BibRef

Fang, B.,
Tracking of feature and stroke positions for off-line signature verification,
ICIP02(III: 965-968).
IEEE DOI 0210
BibRef

Fasquel, J.B., Bruynooghe, M.,
A hybrid opto-electronic method for fast off-line handwritten signature verification,
IJDAR(7), No. 1, March 2004, pp. 56-68.
Springer DOI 0410
BibRef

Hanmandlu, M.[Madasu], Yusof, M.H.M.[M. Hafizuddin M.], Madasu, V.K.[Vamsi Krishna],
Off-line signature verification and forgery detection using fuzzy modeling,
PR(38), No. 3, March 2005, pp. 341-356.
Elsevier DOI 0412
BibRef

Hanmandlu, M., Murali Mohan, K.R., Chakraborty, S., Garg, G.,
Fuzzy modeling based signature verification system,
ICDAR01(110-114).
IEEE DOI 0109
BibRef

Ferrer, M.A., Alonso, J.B., Travieso, C.M.,
Offline geometric parameters for automatic signature verification using fixed-point arithmetic,
PAMI(27), No. 6, June 2005, pp. 993-997.
IEEE Abstract. 0506
BibRef

Vargas, J.F., Ferrer, M.A., Travieso, C.M., Alonso, J.B.,
Off-line signature verification based on grey level information using texture features,
PR(44), No. 2, February 2011, pp. 375-385.
Elsevier DOI 1011
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A4, A2:
Off-line Signature Verification Based on Gray Level Information Using Wavelet Transform and Texture Features,
FHR10(587-592).
IEEE DOI 1011
Off-line handwritten signature verification; Pattern recognition; Grey level information; Texture features; Co-occurrence matrix; Local binary pattern; LS-SVM BibRef

Vargas Bonilla, J.F.[Jesus Francisco], Ferrer Ballester, M.A.[Miguel Angel], Travieso Gonzalez, C.M.[Carlos Manuel], Alonso Hernandez, J.B.[Jesus Bernandino],
Offline Signature Verification Based on Pseudo-Cepstral Coefficients,
ICDAR09(126-130).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Vargas, J.F., Ferrer, M.A., Travieso, C.M., Alonso, J.B.,
Off-line Handwritten Signature GPDS-960 Corpus,
ICDAR07(764-768).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef
And:
Off-line Signature Verification System Performance against Image Acquisition Resolution,
ICDAR07(834-838).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Bertolini, D., Oliveira, L.S., Justino, E., Sabourin, R.,
Reducing forgeries in writer-independent off-line signature verification through ensemble of classifiers,
PR(43), No. 1, January 2010, pp. 387-396.
Elsevier DOI 0909
Signature verification; Graphometrics; Forgeries BibRef

Diaz, M., Ferrer, M.A., Eskander, G.S.[George S.], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
Generation of Duplicated Off-Line Signature Images for Verification Systems,
PAMI(39), No. 5, May 2017, pp. 951-964.
IEEE DOI 1704
Algorithm design and analysis BibRef

Coetzer, H., Sabourin, R.,
A Human-Centric Off-Line Signature Verification System,
ICDAR07(153-157).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Eskander, G.S.[George S.], Sabourin, R.[Robert], Granger, E.[Eric],
Hybrid writer-independent writer-dependent offline signature verification system,
IET-Bio(2), No. 4, December 2013, pp. 169-181.
DOI Link 1406
BibRef
Earlier:
Adaptation of Writer-Independent Systems for Offline Signature Verification,
FHR12(434-439).
IEEE DOI 1302
computational complexity BibRef

Fang, B.[Bin], Tang, Y.Y.[Yuan Yan],
Improved class statistics estimation for sparse data problems in offline signature verification,
SMC-C(35), No. 3, August 2005, pp. 276-286.
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Wen, J.[Jing], Fang, B.[Bin], Tang, Y.Y.[Yuan Yan], Zhang, T.P.[Tai-Ping],
Model-based signature verification with rotation invariant features,
PR(42), No. 7, July 2009, pp. 1458-1466.
Elsevier DOI 0903
Signature verification; Rotation invariant; Ring-peripheral feature; Sample set pickup; HMM; Threshold selection BibRef

Igarza, J.J.[Juan J.], Hernaez, I.[Inmaculada], Goirizelaia, I.[Inaki],
Static signature recognition based on left-to-right Hidden Markov Models,
JEI(14), No. 4, December 2005, pp. xx-yy. Art. No. 043015.
DOI Link BibRef 0512

Igarza, J.J.[Juan J.], Hernaez, I.[Inmaculada], Goirizelaia, I.[Inaki], Espinosa, K.[Koldo], and Escolar, J.[Jon],
Off-line signature recognition based on dynamic methods,
SPIE(5779), March 2005, pp. 336-343. Biometric Technology for Human Identification II.
DOI Link BibRef 0503

Igarza, J.J.[Juan J.], Hernaez, I.[Inmaculada], Goirizelaia, I.[Inaki], Espinosa, K.[Koldo],
Biometric Technology for Human Identification,
SPIE(5404), April 2004, pp. 418-424. Biometric Technology for Human Identification
DOI Link BibRef 0404

Kulkarni, V.B.[Vinayak B.],
A Colour Code Algorithm For Signature Recognition,
ELCVIA(6), No. 1, 2007, pp. 1-12.
DOI Link 0703
BibRef

Shanker, A.P.[A. Piyush], Rajagopalan, A.N.,
Off-line signature verification using DTW,
PRL(28), No. 12, 1 September 2007, pp. 1407-1414.
Elsevier DOI 0707
Dynamic time warping; Signature verification; Stability of signatures BibRef

Zhu, G.Y.[Guang-Yu], Zheng, Y.F.[Ye-Feng], Doermann, D.S.[David S.], Jaeger, S.[Stefan],
Signature Detection and Matching for Document Image Retrieval,
PAMI(31), No. 11, November 2009, pp. 2015-2031.
IEEE DOI 0910
BibRef
Earlier:
Multi-scale Structural Saliency for Signature Detection,
CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef

Eskander, G.S.[George S.], Sabourin, R.[Robert], Granger, E.[Eric],
A Dissimilarity-Based Approach for Biometric Fuzzy Vaults-Application to Handwritten Signature Images,
EAHSP13(95-102).
Springer DOI 1309
BibRef

Batista, L.[Luana], Granger, E.[Eric], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
Improving performance of HMM-based off-line signature verification systems through a multi-hypothesis approach,
IJDAR(13), No. 1, March 2010, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 1003
BibRef
And:
Applying Dissimilarity Representation to Off-Line Signature Verification,
ICPR10(1293-1297).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef
Earlier:
A Multi-Hypothesis Approach for Off-Line Signature Verification with HMMs,
ICDAR09(1315-1319).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Batista, L.[Luana], Granger, E.[Eric], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
Dynamic selection of generative-discriminative ensembles for off-line signature verification,
PR(45), No. 4, April 2012, pp. 1326-1340.
Elsevier DOI 1112
Off-line signature verification; Ensemble of classifiers; Dynamic selection; Hybrid generative-discriminative systems; Hidden Markov Models; Incremental learning BibRef

Kumar, R.[Rajesh], Sharma, J.D., Chanda, B.[Bhabatosh],
Writer-independent off-line signature verification using surroundedness feature,
PRL(33), No. 3, 1 February 2012, pp. 301-308.
Elsevier DOI 1201
Signature verification; Surroundedness; Shape; Texture; Feature selection BibRef

Esteban, J.L.[José L.], Vélez, J.F.[José F.], Sánchez, Á.[Ángel],
Off-line handwritten signature detection by analysis of evidence accumulation,
IJDAR(15), No. 4, December 2012, pp. 359-368.
WWW Link. 1212
BibRef

Kovari, B.[Bence], Charaf, H.[Hassan],
A study on the consistency and significance of local features in off-line signature verification,
PRL(34), No. 3, 1 February 2013, pp. 247-255.
Elsevier DOI 1301
Off-line signature verification; Classification; Normal distribution; Biometrics BibRef

Rivard, D.[Dominique], Granger, E.[Eric], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
Multi-feature extraction and selection in writer-independent off-line signature verification,
IJDAR(16), No. 1, March 2013, pp. 83-103.
WWW Link. 1303
BibRef

Souza, V.L.F.[Victor L. F.], Oliveira, A.L.I.[Adriano L. I.], Cruz, R.M.O.[Rafael M. O.], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
An Investigation of Feature Selection and Transfer Learning for Writer-Independent Offline Handwritten Signature Verification,
ICPR21(7478-7485)
IEEE DOI 2105
Handwriting recognition, Error analysis, Transfer learning, Feature extraction, Minimization, Convolutional neural networks, Binary PSO BibRef

Tselios, K., Zois, E.N., Siores, E., Nassiopoulos, A., Economou, G.,
Grid-based feature distributions for off-line signature verification,
IET-Bio(1), No. 1, March 2012, pp. 72-81.
DOI Link 1305
BibRef

Barkoula, K.[Konstantina], Zois, E.N.[Elias N.], Zervas, E.[Evangelos], Economou, G.[George],
Event Based Offline Signature Modeling Using Grid Source Probabilistic Coding,
EAHSP13(77-85).
Springer DOI 1309
BibRef

Pirlo, G.[Giuseppe], Impedovo, D.[Donato], Erbilek, M., Fairhurst, M.,
Framework for managing ageing effects in signature biometrics,
IET-Bio(1), No. 2, June 2012, pp. 136-147.
DOI Link 1305
BibRef

Pal, S., Pal, U., Blumenstein, M.,
Off-line verification technique for Hindi signatures,
IET-Bio(2), No. 4, December 2013, pp. 182-190.
DOI Link 1406
digital signatures BibRef

Pal, S., Alireza, A., Pal, U., Blumenstein, M.,
Off-line Signature Identification Using Background and Foreground Information,
DICTA11(672-677).
IEEE DOI 1205
BibRef

Das, A., Ferrer, M.A., Pal, U.[Umapada], Pal, S.[Srikanta], Diaz, M., Blumenstein, M.[Michael],
Multi-script versus single-script scenarios in automatic off-line signature verification,
IET-Bio(5), No. 4, 2016, pp. 305-313.
DOI Link 1612
handwriting recognition BibRef

Pal, S.[Srikanta], Pal, U.[Umapada], Blumenstein, M.[Michael],
A Two-Stage Approach for English and Hindi Off-line Signature Verification,
EAHSP13(140-148).
Springer DOI 1309
BibRef
And: A1, A3, A2:
Hindi Off-Line Signature Verification,
FHR12(373-378).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Nguyen, V.[Vu], Kawazoe, Y.[Yumiko], Wakabayashi, T.[Tetsushi], Pal, U.[Umapada], Blumenstein, M.[Michael],
Performance Analysis of the Gradient Feature and the Modified Direction Feature for Off-line Signature Verification,
FHR10(303-307).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Swanepoel, J., Coetzer, J.,
A robust dissimilarity representation for writer-independent signature modelling,
IET-Bio(2), No. 4, December 2013, pp. 159-168.
DOI Link 1406
Radon transforms BibRef

Guerbai, Y.[Yasmine], Chibani, Y.[Youcef], Hadjadji, B.[Bilal],
The effective use of the one-class SVM classifier for handwritten signature verification based on writer-independent parameters,
PR(48), No. 1, 2015, pp. 103-113.
Elsevier DOI 1410
Offline signature verification BibRef

Guerbai, Y.[Yasmine], Chibani, Y.[Youcef], Hadjadji, B.[Bilal],
Handwriting gender recognition system based on the one-class support vector machines,
IPTA17(1-5)
IEEE DOI 1804
curvelet transforms, handwriting recognition, image classification, support vector machines, OC-SVM classifier BibRef

Kumar, M.M.[M. Manoj], Puhan, N.B.,
Off-line signature verification: upper and lower envelope shape analysis using chord moments,
IET-Bio(3), No. 4, 2014, pp. 347-354.
DOI Link 1504
digital signatures BibRef

Zois, E.N.[Elias N.], Alewijnse, L.[Linda], Economou, G.[George],
Offline signature verification and quality characterization using poset-oriented grid features,
PR(54), No. 1, 2016, pp. 162-177.
Elsevier DOI 1603
Off-line signature verification BibRef

Soleimani, A.[Amir], Araabi, B.N.[Babak N.], Fouladi, K.[Kazim],
Deep Multitask Metric Learning for Offline Signature Verification,
PRL(80), No. 1, 2016, pp. 84-90.
Elsevier DOI 1609
Signature verification BibRef

Porwik, P.[Piotr], Doroz, R.[Rafal], Orczyk, T.[Tomasz],
Signatures verification based on PNN classifier optimised by PSO algorithm,
PR(60), No. 1, 2016, pp. 998-1014.
Elsevier DOI 1609
Hotelling's statistics BibRef

Loka, H.[Hans], Zois, E.[Elias], Economou, G.[George],
Long range correlation of preceded pixels relations and application to off-line signature verification,
IET-Bio(6), No. 2, March 2017, pp. 70-78.
DOI Link 1703
BibRef

Serdouk, Y.[Yasmine], Nemmour, H.[Hassiba], Chibani, Y.[Youcef],
Handwritten signature verification using the quad-tree histogram of templates and a Support Vector-based artificial immune classification,
IVC(66), No. 1, 2017, pp. 26-35.
Elsevier DOI 1710
BibRef
Earlier:
Hybrid Off-Line Handwritten Signature Verification Based on Artificial Immune Systems and Support Vector Machines,
ICIAR16(558-565).
Springer DOI 1608
BibRef
Earlier:
An improved Artificial Immune Recognition System for off-line handwritten signature verification,
ICDAR15(196-200)
IEEE DOI 1511
Artificial Immune Recognition System BibRef

Okawa, M.[Manabu],
Synergy of foreground-background images for feature extraction: Offline signature verification using Fisher vector with fused KAZE features,
PR(79), 2018, pp. 480-489.
Elsevier DOI 1804
Biometrics, Forensics, Signature verification, Fisher vector, KAZE features, Fusion strategy, Support vector machine
See also KAZE Features. BibRef

Ebrahim, A.Y.[Anwar Yahya], Kolivand, H.[Hoshang], Rehman, A.[Amjad], Rahim, M.S.M.[Mohd Shafry Mohd], Saba, T.[Tanzila],
Features selection for offline handwritten signature verification: state of the art,
IJCVR(8), No. 6, 2018, pp. 606-622.
DOI Link 1810
BibRef

Hafemann, L.G.[Luiz G.], Oliveira, L.S.[Luiz S.], Sabourin, R.[Robert],
Fixed-sized representation learning from offline handwritten signatures of different sizes,
IJDAR(21), No. 3, September 2018, pp. 219-232.
Springer DOI 1810
BibRef

Okawa, M.[Manabu],
From BoVW to VLAD with KAZE features: Offline signature verification considering cognitive processes of forensic experts,
PRL(113), 2018, pp. 75-82.
Elsevier DOI 1810
Biometrics, Forensics, Signature verification, Bag-of-visual words, KAZE features (
See also KAZE Features. ) BibRef

Jampour, M.[Mahdi], Naserasadi, A.[Ali],
Chaos game theory and its application for offline signature identification,
IET-Bio(8), No. 5, September 2019, pp. 316-324.
DOI Link 1908
BibRef

Maergner, P.[Paul], Pondenkandath, V.[Vinaychandran], Alberti, M.[Michele], Liwicki, M.[Marcus], Riesen, K.[Kaspar], Ingold, R.[Rolf], Fischer, A.[Andreas],
Combining graph edit distance and triplet networks for offline signature verification,
PRL(125), 2019, pp. 527-533.
Elsevier DOI 1909
BibRef
Earlier:
Offline Signature Verification by Combining Graph Edit Distance and Triplet Networks,
SSSPR18(470-480).
Springer DOI 1810
Offline signature verification, Graph edit distance, Metric learning, Deep convolutional neural network, Triplet network BibRef

Riba, P.[Pau], Fischer, A.[Andreas], Lladós, J.[Josep], Fornés, A.[Alicia],
Learning graph edit distance by graph neural networks,
PR(120), 2021, pp. 108132.
Elsevier DOI 2109
BibRef
Earlier:
Learning Graph Distances with Message Passing Neural Networks,
ICPR18(2239-2244)
IEEE DOI 1812
Graph neural networks, Graph edit distance, Geometric deep learning, Keyword spotting, Document image analysis. Computer architecture, Message passing, Neural networks, Measurement, Shape BibRef

Shariatmadari, S.[Sima], Emadi, S.[Sima], Akbari, Y.[Younes],
Patch-based offline signature verification using one-class hierarchical deep learning,
IJDAR(22), No. 4, December 2019, pp. 375-385.
Springer DOI 1911
BibRef

Sharif, M.[Muhammad], Khan, M.A.[Muhammad Attique], Faisal, M.[Muhammad], Yasmin, M.[Mussarat], Fernandes, S.L.[Steven Lawrence],
A framework for offline signature verification system: Best features selection approach,
PRL(139), 2020, pp. 50-59.
Elsevier DOI 2011
BibRef

Hameed, M.M.[M. Muzaffar], Ahmad, R.[Rodina], Kiah, M.L.M.[Miss Laiha Mat], Murtaza, G.[Ghulam],
Machine learning-based offline signature verification systems: A systematic review,
SP:IC(93), 2021, pp. 116139.
Elsevier DOI 2103
Offline signature verification, Feature extraction, Writer identification, Deep convolutional neural network, Signature forgery detection BibRef

Avola, D.[Danilo], Bigdello, M.J.[Manoochehr Joodi], Cinque, L.[Luigi], Fagioli, A.[Alessio], Marini, M.R.[Marco Raoul],
R-SigNet: Reduced space writer-independent feature learning for offline writer-dependent signature verification,
PRL(150), 2021, pp. 189-196.
Elsevier DOI 2109
Offline signature verification, Convolutional neural networks, Feature learning BibRef

Tolosana, R.[Ruben], Vera-Rodriguez, R.[Ruben], Gonzalez-Garcia, C.[Carlos], Fierrez, J.[Julian], Morales, A.[Aythami], Ortega-Garcia, J.[Javier], Carlos Ruiz-Garcia, J.[Juan], Romero-Tapiador, S.[Sergio], Rengifo, S.[Santiago], Caruana, M.[Miguel], Jiang, J.J.[Jia-Jia], Lai, S.X.[Song-Xuan], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Zhu, Y.[Yecheng], Galbally, J.[Javier], Diaz, M.[Moises], Angel Ferrer, M.[Miguel], Gomez-Barrero, M.[Marta], Hodashinsky, I.[Ilya], Sarin, K.[Konstantin], Slezkin, A.[Artem], Bardamova, M.[Marina], Svetlakov, M.[Mikhail], Saleem, M.[Mohammad], Lia Szcs, C.[Cintia], Kovari, B.[Bence], Pulsmeyer, F.[Falk], Wehbi, M.[Mohamad], Zanca, D.[Dario], Ahmad, S.[Sumaiya], Mishra, S.[Sarthak], Jabin, S.[Suraiya],
SVC-onGoing: Signature verification competition,
PR(127), 2022, pp. 108609.
Elsevier DOI 2205
SVC-onGoing, SVC 2021, Biometrics, Handwriting, Signature verification, DeepSignDB, SVC2021_EvalDB BibRef

Zois, E.N.[Elias N.], Said, S.[Salem], Tsourounis, D.[Dimitrios], Alexandridis, A.[Alex],
Subscripto multiplex: A Riemannian symmetric positive definite strategy for offline signature verification,
PRL(167), 2023, pp. 67-74.
Elsevier DOI 2303
BibRef

ji, X.T.[Xiao-Tong], Suehiro, D.[Daiki], Uchida, S.[Seiichi],
Paired contrastive feature for highly reliable offline signature verification,
PR(144), 2023, pp. 109816.
Elsevier DOI 2310
Writer-independent signature verification, Skilled forgery, Offline signature verification, Paired contrastive feature, Top-rank learning BibRef

Li, H.[Huan], Wei, P.[Ping], Ma, Z.[Zeyu], Li, C.K.[Chang-Kai], Zheng, N.N.[Nan-Ning],
TransOSV: Offline Signature Verification with Transformers,
PR(145), 2024, pp. 109882.
Elsevier DOI 2311
Signature verification, Transformer, Holistic encoder, Part decoder BibRef

Chattopadhyay, S.[Soumitri], Manna, S.[Siladittya], Bhattacharya, S.[Saumik], Pal, U.[Umapada],
SURDS: Self-Supervised Attention-guided Reconstruction and Dual Triplet Loss for Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification,
ICPR22(1600-1606)
IEEE DOI 2212
BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1, A3, A4:
SWIS: Self-Supervised Representation Learning for Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification,
ICIP22(1411-1415)
IEEE DOI 2211
Measurement, Representation learning, Deformable models, Deep learning, Handwriting recognition, Head, Forensics. Training data, Self-supervised learning, Feature extraction, Random variables, SVM BibRef

Lu, X.[Xi], Huang, L.L.[Lin-Lin], Yin, F.[Fei],
Cut and Compare: End-to-end Offline Signature Verification Network,
ICPR21(3589-3596)
IEEE DOI 2105
Training, Handwriting recognition, Image segmentation, Fuses, Focusing, Feature extraction, Generative adversarial networks BibRef

Zois, E.N., Zervas, E., Tsourounis, D., Economou, G.,
Sequential Motif Profiles and Topological Plots for Offline Signature Verification,
CVPR20(13245-13255)
IEEE DOI 2008
Feature extraction, Handwriting recognition, Machine learning, Time series analysis, Sensor phenomena and characterization BibRef

Engin, D., Kantarci, A., Arslan, S., Ekenel, H.K.,
Offline Signature Verification on Real-World Documents,
Biometrics20(3518-3526)
IEEE DOI 2008
Feature extraction, Cleaning, Task analysis, Authentication, Training, Mathematical model BibRef

Hadjadj, I.[Ismail], Gattal, A.[Abdeljalil], Djeddi, C.[Chawki], Ayad, M.[Mouloud], Siddiqi, I.[Imran], Abass, F.[Faycel],
Offline Signature Verification Using Textural Descriptors,
IbPRIA19(II:177-188).
Springer DOI 1910
BibRef

Yilmaz, M.B., Öztürk, K.,
Hybrid User-Independent and User-Dependent Offline Signature Verification with a Two-Channel CNN,
Biometrics18(639-6398)
IEEE DOI 1812
Feature extraction, Forgery, Training, Error analysis, Databases, Measurement, Computer architecture BibRef

Zois, E.N., Papagiannopoulou, M., Tsourounis, D., Economou, G.,
Hierarchical Dictionary Learning and Sparse Coding for Static Signature Verification,
Biometrics18(545-54510)
IEEE DOI 1812
Dictionaries, Feature extraction, Encoding, Machine learning, Optimization, Forgery BibRef

Shekar, B.H., Pilar, B., Sunil, K.D.S.,
Blockwise Binary Pattern: A Robust And An Efficient Approach For Offline Signature Verification,
PTVSBB17(227-232).
DOI Link 1805
BibRef

Zois, E.N., Theodorakopoulos, I., Economou, G.,
Offline Handwritten Signature Modeling and Verification Based on Archetypal Analysis,
ICCV17(5515-5524)
IEEE DOI 1802
data analysis, feature extraction, handwriting recognition, learning (artificial intelligence), optimisation, Optimization BibRef

Tsourounis, D., Theodorakopoulos, I., Zois, E.N., Economou, G., Fotopoulos, S.,
Handwritten Signature Verification via Deep Sparse Coding Architecture,
IVMSP18(1-5)
IEEE DOI 1809
Encoding, Handwriting recognition, Dictionaries, Computer architecture, Dimensionality reduction, Training, Deep Sparse Coding BibRef

Zois, E.N., Theodorakopoulos, I., Tsourounis, D., Economou, G.,
Parsimonious Coding and Verification of Offline Handwritten Signatures,
Biometrics17(636-645)
IEEE DOI 1709
Dictionaries, Feature extraction, Forgery, Machine learning, Matching pursuit algorithms, Training, Transforms BibRef

Dutta, A., Pal, U., Lladós, J.,
Compact correlated features for writer independent signature verification,
ICPR16(3422-3427)
IEEE DOI 1705
Feature extraction, Forgery, Histograms, Reservoirs, Visualization BibRef

Diaz, M., Ferrer, M.A., Sabourin, R.,
Approaching the intra-class variability in multi-script static signature evaluation,
ICPR16(1147-1152)
IEEE DOI 1705
Distortion, Law, Pattern recognition, Proposals, Shape, Writing BibRef

Rantzsch, H.[Hannes], Yang, H.J.[Hao-Jin], Meinel, C.[Christoph],
Signature Embedding: Writer Independent Offline Signature Verification with Deep Metric Learning,
ISVC16(II: 616-625).
Springer DOI 1701
BibRef

Salama, M.A., Hussein, W.,
Invariant directional feature extraction and matching approach for robust off-line signature verification,
ICIVC16(91-95)
IEEE DOI 1610
feature extraction BibRef

Elrajubi, O.M., El-Feghi, I.S.,
Angle features extraction of handwritten signatures,
ICCVIA15(1-4)
IEEE DOI 1603
feature extraction BibRef

Rusiñol, M.[Marçal], Karatzas, D.[Dimosthenis], Lladós, J.[Josep],
Automatic Verification of Properly Signed Multi-page Document Images,
ISVC15(II: 327-336).
Springer DOI 1601
BibRef

Castañón, C.A.B.[César Armando Beltrán], Chambi, R.J.[Ronald Juárez],
Using Complex Networks for Offline Handwritten Signature Characterization,
CIARP14(580-587).
Springer DOI 1411
BibRef

Piekarczyk, M., Ogiela, M.R.,
Matrix-Based Hierarchical Graph Matching in Off-Line Handwritten Signatures Recognition,
ACPR13(897-901)
IEEE DOI 1408
feature extraction BibRef

Ohyama, W.[Wataru], Ogi, Y.[Yuuki], Wakabayashi, T.[Tetsushi], Kimura, F.[Fumitaka],
Multilingual signature-verification by generalized combined segmentation verification,
ICDAR15(811-815)
IEEE DOI 1511
BibRef

Kamihira, Y., Ohyama, W.[Wataru], Wakabayashi, T.[Tetsushi], Kimura, F.[Fumitaka],
Improvement of Japanese Signature Verification by Combined Segmentation Verification Approach,
ACPR13(501-505)
IEEE DOI 1408
BibRef
And:
Improvement of Japanese Signature Verification by Segmentation-Verification,
ICDAR13(379-382)
IEEE DOI 1312
dynamic programming. handwriting recognition BibRef

Malik, M.I., Liwicki, M., Dengel, A.R.,
Part-Based Automatic System in Comparison to Human Experts for Forensic Signature Verification,
ICDAR13(872-876)
IEEE DOI 1312
handwriting recognition BibRef

Malik, M.I., Ahmed, S., Liwicki, M., Dengel, A.R.,
FREAK for Real Time Forensic Signature Verification,
ICDAR13(971-975)
IEEE DOI 1312
feature extraction BibRef

Du, X.Z.[Xian-Zhi], Doermann, D.S.[David S.], Abd-Almageed, W.[Wael],
A graphical model approach for matching partial signatures,
CVPR15(1465-1472)
IEEE DOI 1510
BibRef
Earlier:
Signature Matching Using Supervised Topic Models,
ICPR14(327-332)
IEEE DOI 1412
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A2:
Large-Scale Signature Matching Using Multi-stage Hashing,
ICDAR13(976-980)
IEEE DOI 1312
cryptography BibRef

Khan, S.H., Khan, Z., Shafait, F.,
Can Signature Biometrics Address Both Identification and Verification Problems?,
ICDAR13(981-985)
IEEE DOI 1312
authorisation BibRef

Hu, J.[Juan], Chen, Y.B.[You-Bin],
Offline Signature Verification Using Real Adaboost Classifier Combination of Pseudo-dynamic Features,
ICDAR13(1345-1349)
IEEE DOI 1312
feature extraction BibRef

Ben Abdelghani, I.A.[Imen Abroug], Ben Amara, N.E.[Najoua Essoukri],
SID Signature Database: A Tunisian Off-line Handwritten Signature Database,
EAHSP13(131-139).
Springer DOI 1309
Dataset, Signatures. BibRef

Kennard, D.J.[Douglas J.], Barrett, W.A.[William A.], Sederberg, T.W.[Thomas W.],
Offline signature verification and forgery detection using a 2-D geometric warping approach,
ICPR12(3733-3736).
WWW Link. 1302
BibRef

Hamadene, A.[Assia], Chibani, Y.[Youcef], Nemmour, H.[Hassiba],
Off-Line Handwritten Signature Verification Using Contourlet Transform and Co-occurrence Matrix,
FHR12(343-347).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Ribeiro, B.[Bernardete], Gonçalves, I.[Ivo], Santos, S.[Sérgio], Kovacec, A.[Alexander],
Deep Learning Networks for Off-Line Handwritten Signature Recognition,
CIARP11(523-532).
Springer DOI 1111
BibRef

Parodi, M.[Marianela], Gomez, J.C.[Juan C.], Belaïd, A.[Abdel],
A Circular Grid-Based Rotation Invariant Feature Extraction Approach for Off-line Signature Verification,
ICDAR11(1289-1293).
IEEE DOI 1111

See also Online Signature Verification Based on Legendre Series Representation. Consistency Analysis of Different Feature Combinations. BibRef

Malik, M.I., Liwicki, M., Alewijnse, L., Ohyama, W., Blumenstein, M., Found, B.,
ICDAR 2013 Competitions on Signature Verification and Writer Identification for On- and Offline Skilled Forgeries (SigWiComp 2013),
ICDAR13(1477-1483)
IEEE DOI 1312
handwriting recognition BibRef

Malik, M.I.[Muhammad Imran], Ahmed, S.[Sheraz], Marcelli, A.[Angelo], Pal, U.[Umapada], Blumenstein, M.[Michael], Alewijns, L.[Linda], Liwicki, M.[Marcus],
ICDAR2015 competition on signature verification and writer identification for on- and off-line skilled forgeries (SigWIcomp2015),
ICDAR15(1186-1190)
IEEE DOI 1511
BibRef

Liwicki, M.[Marcus], Malik, M.I.[Muhammad Imran], van den Heuvel, C.E.[C. Elisa], Chen, X.H.[Xiao-Hong], Berger, C.[Charles], Stoel, R.[Reinoud], Blumenstein, M.[Michael], Found, B.[Bryan],
Signature Verification Competition for Online and Offline Skilled Forgeries (SigComp2011),
ICDAR11(1480-1484).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Swanepoel, J.P.[Jacques Philip], Coetzer, J.[Johannes],
Writer-Specific Dissimilarity Normalisation for Improved Writer-Independent Off-Line Signature Verification,
FHR12(393-398).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef
Earlier:
Off-line Signature Verification Using Flexible Grid Features and Classifier Fusion,
FHR10(297-302).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Ammar, M.[Maan], Watanabe, T.[Toyohide], Fukumura, T.[Teruo],
A New Decision Making Approach for Improving the Performance of Automatic Signature Verification Using Multi-sets of Features,
FHR10(323-328).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Liwicki, M.[Marcus], Malik, M.I.[Muhammad Imran], Alewijnse, L.[Linda], van den Heuvel, C.E.[C. Elisa], Found, B.[Bryan],
ICFHR 2012 Competition on Automatic Forensic Signature Verification (4NsigComp 2012),
FHR12(823-828).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Liwicki, M.[Marcus], van den Heuvel, C.E.[C. Elisa], Found, B.[Bryan], Malik, M.I.[Muhammad Imran],
Forensic Signature Verification Competition 4NSigComp2010: Detection of Simulated and Disguised Signatures,
FHR10(715-720).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Blumenstein, M., Ferrer, M.A.[Miguel A.], Vargas, J.F.,
The 4NSigComp2010 Off-line Signature Verification Competition: Scenario 2,
FHR10(721-726).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Pu, D.[Danjun], Srihari, S.N.[Sargur N.],
Probabilistic Measure for Signature Verification Based on Bayesian Learning,
ICPR10(1188-1191).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef

Lv, H.R.[Hai-Rong], Bai, X.X.[Xin-Xin], Yin, W.J.[Wen-Jun], Dong, J.[Jin],
Off-Line Signature Verification Using Graphical Model,
ICPR10(3784-3788).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef

Larkins, R.[Robert], Mayo, M.[Michael],
Adaptive Feature Thresholding for off-line signature verification,
IVCNZ08(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0811
BibRef

Ruiz-del-Solar, J.[Javier], Devia, C.[Christ], Loncomilla, P.[Patricio], Concha, F.[Felipe],
Offline Signature Verification Using Local Interest Points and Descriptors,
CIARP08(22-29).
Springer DOI 0809
BibRef

Müller, S.[Sascha], Henniger, O.[Olaf],
Evaluating the Biometric Sample Quality of Handwritten Signatures,
ICB07(407-414).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Henniger, O.[Olaf], Müller, S.[Sascha],
Effects of Time Normalization on the Accuracy of Dynamic Time Warping,
BTAS07(1-6).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Gluhchev, G.[Georgi], Savov, M.[Mladen], Boumbarov, O.[Ognian], Vasileva, D.[Diana],
A New Approach to Signature-Based Authentication,
ICB07(594-603).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Galbally, J.[Javier], Fierrez, J.[Julian], Martinez-Diaz, M.[Marcos], Ortega-Garcia, J.[Javier],
Evaluation of Brute-force Attack to Dynamic Signature Verification Using Synthetic Samples,
ICDAR09(131-135).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Alonso-Fernandez, F.[Fernando], Fierrez, J.[Julian], Gilperez, A.[Almudena], Galbally, J.[Javier], Ortega-Garcia, J.[Javier],
Robustness of Signature Verification Systems to Imitators with Increasing Skills,
ICDAR09(728-732).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Galbally, J.[Javier], Fierrez, J.[Julian], Martinez-Diaz, M.[Marcos], Ortega-Garcia, J.[Javier],
Improving the Enrollment in Dynamic Signature Verfication with Synthetic Samples,
ICDAR09(1295-1299).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Alonso-Fernandez, F., Fairhurst, M.C., Fierrez, J., Ortega-Garcia, J.,
Automatic Measures for Predicting Performance in Off-Line Signature,
ICIP07(I: 369-372).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Freire, M.M., Fierrez, J., Martinez-Diaz, M., Ortega-Garcia, J.,
On the Applicability of Off-Line Signatures to the Fuzzy Vault Construction,
ICDAR07(1173-1177).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Nguyen, V.[Vu], Blumenstein, M.[Michael], Muthukkumarasamy, V.[Vallipuram], Leedham, G.[Graham],
Off-line Signature Verification Using Enhanced Modified Direction Features in Conjunction with Neural Classifiers and Support Vector Machines,
ICDAR07(734-738).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Qiao, Y.[Yu], Liu, J.Z.[Jian-Zhuang], Tang, X.[Xiaoou],
Offline Signature Verification Using Online Handwriting Registration,
CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef

Srinivasan, H.[Harish], Srihari, S.N.[Sargur N.], Beal, M.J.[Matthew J.],
Machine Learning for Signature Verification,
ICCVGIP06(761-775).
Springer DOI 0612
BibRef

Woo, Y.W.[Young Woon], Han, S.[Soowhan], Jang, K.S.[Kyung Shik],
Off-Line Signature Verification Based on Directional Gradient Spectrum and a Fuzzy Classifier,
PSIVT06(1018-1029).
Springer DOI 0612
BibRef

Chen, S.Y.[Si-Yuan], Srihari, S.[Sargur],
A New Off-line Signature Verification Method based on Graph,
ICPR06(II: 869-872).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Agam, G.[Gady], Suresh, S.[Suneel],
Shape matching through particle dynamics warping,
Fusion07(1-7).
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
Particle Dynamics Warping Approach for Offline Signature Recognition,
Biometrics06(38).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Nguyen, V.[Vu], Blumenstein, M.[Michael], Leedham, G.[Graham],
Global Features for the Off-Line Signature Verification Problem,
ICDAR09(1300-1304).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Nguyen, V.[Vu], Blumenstein, M.[Michael],
An Application of the 2D Gaussian Filter for Enhancing Feature Extraction in Off-line Signature Verification,
ICDAR11(339-343).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Armand, S.[Stephane], Blumenstein, M.[Michael], Muthukkumarasamy, V.[Vallipuram],
Off-line Signature Verification based on the Modified Direction Feature,
ICPR06(IV: 509-512).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Özgündüz, E.[Emre], Sentürk, T.[Tülin], Karsligil, M.E.[M. Elif],
Efficient Off-Line Verification and Identification of Signatures by Multiclass Support Vector Machines,
CAIP05(799).
Springer DOI 0509
BibRef

Fang, B., Tang, Y.Y.,
Reduction of Feature Statistics Estimation Error for Small Training Sample Size in Off-Line Signature Verification,
ICBA04(526-532).
Springer DOI 0505
BibRef

Cha, S.H.[Sung-Hyuk], Tappert, C.C.,
Automatic detection of handwriting forgery,
FHR02(264-267).
IEEE Top Reference. 0209
BibRef

Cha, S.H.[Sung-Hyuk], Srihari, S.N.[Sargur N.],
Accessing the Authorship Confidence of Handwritten Items,
WACV00(42-47).
IEEE DOI 0010
BibRef

Chen, S.Y.[Si-Yuan], Srihari, S.,
Use of exterior contours and shape features in off-line signature verification,
ICDAR05(II: 1280-1284).
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Srihari, S.N., Lee, S.J.[Sang-Jik],
Automatic handwriting recognition and writer matching on anthrax-related handwritten mail,
FHR02(280-284).
IEEE Top Reference. 0209
BibRef

Riba, J.R., Carnicer, A., Vallmitjana, S., Juvells, I.,
Methods for Invariant Signature Classification,
ICPR00(Vol II: 953-956).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Wilensky, G.D., Crawford, R.C.,
Transformation Invariant Distance: A New Metric for Handwritten Signature Recognition,
ICDAR97(Poster) Listed in the program, Not in proceedings. 9708
BibRef

Lee, L.L., L'Espinosa, M.G.,
A Lossless Image Compression Method for Human Static Signatures,
ICPR96(III: 910-913).
IEEE DOI 9608
(UNICAMP-Universidade Estadual, BR) BibRef

Lee, L.L.[Luan Ling], L'Espinosa, M.G.,
An off-line method for human signature verification,
ICPR96(III: 195-198).
IEEE DOI 9608
Static. (UNICAMP, BR) BibRef

Higashino, J.,
Signature verification system on neuro-computer,
ICPR92(III:517-521).
IEEE DOI 9208
BibRef

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Recognition of the Person from Writing, Identification, Writer Identification .