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        AUTHOR = "Kashi, R.S. and Hu, J.Y. and Turin, W.L. and Nelson, W.L.",
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Hidden Markov Model Features",
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        PAGES = "253-257",
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@article{bb374313,
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@article{bb374314,
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@article{bb374324,
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@article{bb374325,
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extraction and recognition",
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@article{bb374326,
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368439"}

@article{bb374327,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, K. and Yan, H.",
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verification",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368440"}

@article{bb374328,
        AUTHOR = "Feng, H. and Wah, C.C.",
        TITLE = "Online signature verification using a new extreme points warping
technique",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
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        NUMBER = "16",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368441"}

@article{bb374329,
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        NUMBER = "1",
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        PAGES = "93-103",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368442"}

@inproceedings{bb374330,
        AUTHOR = "Yoon, H.S. and Lee, J.Y. and Yang, H.S.",
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polar space",
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        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "329-333",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368443"}

@article{bb374331,
        AUTHOR = "Fairhurst, M.C. and Kaplani, E.",
        TITLE = "Perceptual analysis of handwritten signatures for biometric
authentication",
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        NUMBER = "6",
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@article{bb374332,
        AUTHOR = "Lau, K.K. and Yuen, P.C. and Tang, Y.Y.",
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sequence in handwriting images",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368445"}

@inproceedings{bb374333,
        AUTHOR = "Lau, K.K. and Yuen, P.C. and Tang, Y.Y.",
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        YEAR = "2002",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368446"}

@article{bb374334,
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        TITLE = "Identity authentication using improved online signature verification
method",
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@article{bb374335,
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Markov Models",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368448"}

@inproceedings{bb374336,
        AUTHOR = "Nel, E.M. and du Preez, J.A. and Herbst, B.M.",
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hidden Markov models",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368449"}

@article{bb374337,
        AUTHOR = "Nel, E.M. and du Preez, J.A. and Herbst, B.M.",
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scripts",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368450"}

@article{bb374338,
        AUTHOR = "Engelbrecht, H.A. and du Preez, J.A.",
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@article{bb374339,
        AUTHOR = "Nel, E.M. and du Preez, J.A. and Herbst, B.M.",
        TITLE = "A pseudo-skeletonization algorithm for static handwritten scripts",
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@article{bb374340,
        AUTHOR = "Lei, H.S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "A comparative study on the consistency of features in on-line signature
verification",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
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        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "15",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "2483-2489",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368453"}

@inproceedings{bb374341,
        AUTHOR = "Lei, H.S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Similarity-driven sequence classification based on support vector
machines",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
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@article{bb374342,
        AUTHOR = "Guest, R.",
        TITLE = "Age dependency in handwritten dynamic signature verification systems",
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        YEAR = "2006",
        NUMBER = "10",
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        PAGES = "1098-1104",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368455"}

@article{bb374343,
        AUTHOR = "Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Gonzalez Rodriguez, J.",
        TITLE = "Target Dependent Score Normalization Techniques and Their Application
to Signature Verification",
        JOURNAL = SMC-C,
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        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "418-425",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368456"}

@inproceedings{bb374344,
        AUTHOR = "Gonzalez Rodriguez, J. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Fierrez Aguilar, J.",
        TITLE = "Target Dependent Score Normalization Techniques and Their Application
to Signature Verification",
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@article{bb374345,
        AUTHOR = "Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Ramos, D. and Gonzalez Rodriguez, J.",
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@inproceedings{bb374346,
        AUTHOR = "Alonso Fernandez, F. and Fierrez, J. and Martinez Diaz, M. and Ortega Garcia, J.",
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@article{bb374347,
        AUTHOR = "Maiorana, E. and Campisi, P. and Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Neri, A.",
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@inproceedings{bb374348,
        AUTHOR = "Maiorana, E. and Martinez Diaz, M. and Campisi, P. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Neri, A.",
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@inproceedings{bb374349,
        AUTHOR = "Maiorana, E. and Campisi, P. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Neri, A.",
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@inproceedings{bb374350,
        AUTHOR = "Ortega Garcia, J. and Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Martin Rello, J. and Gonzalez Rodriguez, J.",
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Dynamic Signature Verification",
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@inproceedings{bb374351,
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        TITLE = "Feature Selection and Binarization for On-Line Signature Recognition",
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@article{bb374352,
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@article{bb374353,
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@inproceedings{bb374354,
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@inproceedings{bb374355,
        AUTHOR = "Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Alonso Hermira, N. and Moreno Marquez, G. and Ortega Garcia, J.",
        TITLE = "An Off-line Signature Verification System Based on Fusion of Local and
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@inproceedings{bb374356,
        AUTHOR = "Alonso Fernandez, F. and Veldhuis, R.N.J. and Bazen, A.M. and Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Ortega Garcia, J.",
        TITLE = "Sensor Interoperability and Fusion in Fingerprint Verification:
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368468"}

@inproceedings{bb374357,
        AUTHOR = "Alonso Fernandez, F. and Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Ortega Garcia, J.",
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A Case Study Using Tablet PC",
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@inproceedings{bb374358,
        AUTHOR = "Fierrez Aguilar, J. and Krawczyk, S. and Ortega Garcia, J. and Jain, A.K.",
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Verification",
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@inproceedings{bb374359,
        AUTHOR = "Namboodiri, A.M. and Saini, S. and Lu, X.G. and Jain, A.K.",
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@article{bb374360,
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@inproceedings{bb374361,
        AUTHOR = "Khan, M.K. and Khan, M.A. and Khan, M.A.U. and Ahmad, I.",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368473"}

@article{bb374362,
        AUTHOR = "Faundez Zanuy, M.",
        TITLE = "On-line signature recognition based on VQ-DTW",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "981-992",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368474"}

@article{bb374363,
        AUTHOR = "Fabregas, J. and Faundez Zanuy, M.",
        TITLE = "On-line signature verification system with failure to enrol management",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "2117-2126",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368475"}

@article{bb374364,
        AUTHOR = "Vivaracho Pascual, C.E. and Faundez Zanuy, M. and Pascual, J.M.",
        TITLE = "An efficient low cost approach for on-line signature recognition based
on length normalization and fractional distances",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "183-193",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368476"}

@inproceedings{bb374365,
        AUTHOR = "Vivaracho Pascual, C.E. and Pascual Gaspar, J.M. and Cardenoso Payo, V.",
        TITLE = "Feature Selection in a Low Cost Signature Recognition System Based on
Normalized Signatures and Fractional Distances",
        BOOKTITLE = ICB09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "1209-1218",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368477"}

@inproceedings{bb374366,
        AUTHOR = "Pascual Gaspar, J.M. and Cardenoso Payo, V. and Vivaracho Pascual, C.E.",
        TITLE = "Practical On-Line Signature Verification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICB09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "1180-1189",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368478"}

@inproceedings{bb374367,
        AUTHOR = "Pascual Gaspar, J.M. and Cardenoso Payo, V.",
        TITLE = "Automatic Online Signature Verification Using HMMs with User-Dependent
Structure",
        BOOKTITLE = ICB07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1057-1066",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368479"}

@article{bb374368,
        AUTHOR = "Gupta, G.K. and Joyce, R.C.",
        TITLE = "Using position extrema points to capture shape in on-line handwritten
signature verification",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "2811-2817",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368480"}

@article{bb374369,
        AUTHOR = "Van, B.L. and Garcia Salicetti, S. and Dorizzi, B.",
        TITLE = "On Using the Viterbi Path Along With HMM Likelihood Information for
Online Signature Verification",
        JOURNAL = SMC-B,
        VOLUME = "37",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "1237-1247",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368481"}

@inproceedings{bb374370,
        AUTHOR = "Van, B.L. and Garcia Salicetti, S. and Dorizzi, B.",
        TITLE = "Fusion of HMM's Likelihood and Viterbi Path for On-line Signature
Verification",
        BOOKTITLE = BioAW04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "318-331",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368482"}

@inproceedings{bb374371,
        AUTHOR = "Fuentes, M. and Garcia Salicetti, S. and Dorizzi, B.",
        TITLE = "On line signature verification: fusion of a hidden markov model and a
neural network via a support vector machine",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "253-258",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368483"}

@inproceedings{bb374372,
        AUTHOR = "Houmani, N. and Garcia Salicetti, S. and Dorizzi, B.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Personal Entropy Measure confronted with Online Signature
Verification Systems' Performance",
        BOOKTITLE = BTAS08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "1-6",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368484"}

@inproceedings{bb374373,
        AUTHOR = "Canuto, J. and Dorizzi, B. and Montalvao, J.",
        TITLE = "Two Bioinspired Methods for Dynamic Signatures Analysis",
        BOOKTITLE = EAHSP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "60-68",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368485"}

@inproceedings{bb374374,
        AUTHOR = "Barbuzzi, D.",
        TITLE = "Learning Strategies for Knowledge-Base Updating in Online Signature
Verification Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = EAHSP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "86-94",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368486"}

@article{bb374375,
        AUTHOR = "Kamel, N.S. and Sayeed, S. and Ellis, G.A.",
        TITLE = "Glove-Based Approach to Online Signature Verification",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "30",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "6",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "1109-1113",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368487"}

@article{bb374376,
        AUTHOR = "Li, B. and Zhang, D. and Wang, K.Q.",
        TITLE = "Online Signature Verification By Combining Shape Contexts And Local
Features",
        JOURNAL = IJIG,
        VOLUME = "6",
        YEAR = "2006",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "407-420",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368488"}

@article{bb374377,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Automatic Signature Verification: The State of the Art",
        JOURNAL = SMC-C,
        VOLUME = "38",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "609-635",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368489"}

@inproceedings{bb374378,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Verification of Handwritten Signatures: an Overview",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "191-196",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368490"}

@article{bb374379,
        AUTHOR = "Pirlo, G. and Impedovo, D.",
        TITLE = "Verification of Static Signatures by Optical Flow Analysis",
        JOURNAL = HMS,
        VOLUME = "43",
        YEAR = "2013",
        NUMBER = "5",
        PAGES = "499-505",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368491"}

@inproceedings{bb374380,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Stability Analysis of Static Signatures for Automatic Signature
Verification",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "II: 241-247",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368492"}

@inproceedings{bb374381,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "On-line Signature Verification by Stroke-Dependent Representation
Domains",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "623-627",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368493"}

@inproceedings{bb374382,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G. and Plamondon, R.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Signature Verification: New Advancements and Open Issues",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "367-372",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368494"}

@inproceedings{bb374383,
        AUTHOR = "Pirlo, G. and Impedovo, D. and Plamondon, R. and O'Reilly, C. and Cozzolongo, A.",
        TITLE = "Stability of Dynamic Signatures: From the Representation to the
Generation Domain",
        BOOKTITLE = EAHSP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "122-130",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368495"}

@article{bb374384,
        AUTHOR = "Pirlo, G. and Impedovo, D.",
        TITLE = "Cosine similarity for analysis and verification of static signatures",
        JOURNAL = IET-Bio,
        VOLUME = "2",
        YEAR = "2013",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "151-158",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368496"}

@inproceedings{bb374385,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G. and Sarcinella, L. and Stasolla, E. and Trullo, C.A.",
        TITLE = "Analysis of Stability in Static Signatures Using Cosine Similarity",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "231-235",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368497"}

@article{bb374386,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Component-Oriented Algorithms for Signature Verification",
        JOURNAL = PRAI,
        VOLUME = "8",
        YEAR = "1994",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "771-793",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368498"}

@inproceedings{bb374387,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "From Character to Cursive Script Recognition:
Future Trends in Scientific Research",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:516-519",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368499"}

@inproceedings{bb374388,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Classification of ambiguous patterns",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:520-524",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368500"}

@inproceedings{bb374389,
        AUTHOR = "Bovino, L. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G. and Sarcinella, L.",
        TITLE = "Multi-expert verification of hand-written signatures",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "932-936",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368501"}

@inproceedings{bb374390,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Modugno, R. and Pirlo, G. and Sarcinella, L.",
        TITLE = "Analysis of stability in hand-written dynamic signatures",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "259-263",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368502"}

@inproceedings{bb374391,
        AUTHOR = "Congedo, G. and Dimauro, G. and Forte, A.M. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Selecting reference signatures for on-line signature verification",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP95,
        YEAR = "1995",
        PAGES = "521-526",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368503"}

@article{bb374392,
        AUTHOR = "Scheidat, T. and Vielhauer, C. and Dittmann, J.",
        TITLE = "Handwriting verification:
Comparison of a multi-algorithmic and a multi-semantic approach",
        JOURNAL = IVC,
        VOLUME = "27",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "269-278",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368504"}

@inproceedings{bb374393,
        AUTHOR = "Scheidat, T. and Vielhauer, C. and Dittmann, J.",
        TITLE = "Single-Semantic Multi-Instance Fusion of Handwriting Based Biometric
Authentication Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "II: 393-396",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368505"}

@inproceedings{bb374394,
        AUTHOR = "Schimke, S. and Vielhauer, C. and Dittmann, J.",
        TITLE = "Using adapted Levenshtein distance for on-line signature authentication",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "II: 931-934",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368506"}

@article{bb374395,
        AUTHOR = "Humm, A. and Hennebert, J. and Ingold, R.",
        TITLE = "Combined Handwriting and Speech Modalities for User Authentication",
        JOURNAL = SMC-A,
        VOLUME = "39",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "25-35",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368507"}

@inproceedings{bb374396,
        AUTHOR = "Humm, A. and Hennebert, J. and Ingold, R.",
        TITLE = "Hidden Markov Models for Spoken Signature Verification",
        BOOKTITLE = BTAS07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1-6",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368508"}

@inproceedings{bb374397,
        AUTHOR = "Humm, A. and Hennebert, J. and Ingold, R.",
        TITLE = "Modelling Combined Handwriting and Speech Modalities",
        BOOKTITLE = ICB07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1025-1034",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368509"}

@inproceedings{bb374398,
        AUTHOR = "Humm, A. and Ingold, R. and Hennebert, J.",
        TITLE = "Spoken Handwriting Verification Using Statistical Models",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "999-1003",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368510"}

@inproceedings{bb374399,
        AUTHOR = "Hennebert, J. and Loeffel, R. and Humm, A. and Ingold, R.",
        TITLE = "A New Forgery Scenario Based on Regaining Dynamics of Signature",
        BOOKTITLE = ICB07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "366-375",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1021.html#TT368511"}