@inproceedings{bb373200,
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        TITLE = "The QCRI Recognition System for Handwritten Arabic",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "II:276-286",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367308"}

@inproceedings{bb373201,
        AUTHOR = "Elleuch, M. and Tagougui, N. and Kherallah, M.",
        TITLE = "Deep Learning for Feature Extraction of Arabic Handwritten Script",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "II:371-382",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367309"}

@inproceedings{bb373202,
        AUTHOR = "Yousfi, S. and Berrani, S.A. and Garcia, C.",
        TITLE = "Arabic text detection in videos using neural and boosting-based
approaches: Application to video indexing",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "3028-3032",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367310"}

@inproceedings{bb373203,
        AUTHOR = "Fecker, D. and Asit, A. and Margner, V. and El Sana, J. and Fingscheidt, T.",
        TITLE = "Writer Identification for Historical Arabic Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "3050-3055",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367311"}

@inproceedings{bb373204,
        AUTHOR = "Dinges, L. and Al Hamadi, A. and Elzobi, M.",
        TITLE = "An Approach for Arabic Handwriting Synthesis Based on Active Shape
Models",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1260-1264",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367312"}

@inproceedings{bb373205,
        AUTHOR = "Parvez, M.T. and Mahmoud, S.A.",
        TITLE = "Lexicon Reduction Using Segment Descriptors for Arabic Handwriting
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1265-1269",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367313"}

@inproceedings{bb373206,
        AUTHOR = "Hamdani, M. and Mousa, A.E.D. and Ney, H.",
        TITLE = "Open Vocabulary Arabic Handwriting Recognition Using Morphological
Decomposition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "280-284",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367314"}

@inproceedings{bb373207,
        AUTHOR = "Dinges, L. and Al Hamadi, A. and Elzobi, M.",
        TITLE = "A Locale Group Based Line Segmentation Approach for Non Uniform
Skewed and Curved Arabic Handwritings",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "803-806",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367315"}

@inproceedings{bb373208,
        AUTHOR = "Elzobi, M. and Al Hamadi, A. and Dings, L. and Elmezain, M. and Saeed, A.",
        TITLE = "A Hidden Markov Model-Based Approach with an Adaptive Threshold Model
for Off-Line Arabic Handwriting Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "945-949",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367316"}

@inproceedings{bb373209,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, J.Y. and Prasad, R. and Cao, H.G. and Natarajan, P.",
        TITLE = "Detecting OOV Names in Arabic Handwritten Data",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "994-998",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367317"}

@inproceedings{bb373210,
        AUTHOR = "Su, B. and Ding, X.Q. and Peng, L.R. and Liu, C.S.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Baseline-independent Feature Set for Arabic Handwriting
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1250-1254",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367318"}

@inproceedings{bb373211,
        AUTHOR = "Chtourou, I. and Rouhou, A.C. and Jaiem, F.K. and Kanoun, S.",
        TITLE = "ALTID : Arabic/Latin Text Images Database for recognition research",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "836-840",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367319"}

@inproceedings{bb373212,
        AUTHOR = "Jaiem, F.K. and Kanoun, S.",
        TITLE = "Database for Arabic Printed Text Recognition Research",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "I:251-259",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367320"}

@inproceedings{bb373213,
        AUTHOR = "Rashwan, A.M. and Kamel, M.S. and Karray, F.",
        TITLE = "An Arabic Optical Character Recognition System Using Restricted
Boltzmann Machines",
        BOOKTITLE = CIARP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "II:108-115",
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@inproceedings{bb373214,
        AUTHOR = "Li, N. and Xie, X.D. and Liu, W.T. and Lam, K.M.",
        TITLE = "Combination of global and local baseline-independent features for
offline Arabic handwriting recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "713-716",
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@inproceedings{bb373215,
        AUTHOR = "Cao, H.G. and Chen, J.Y. and Devlin, J. and Prasad, R. and Natarajan, P.",
        TITLE = "Document recognition and translation system for unconstrained Arabic
documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "318-321",
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@inproceedings{bb373216,
        AUTHOR = "Porwal, U. and Zhou, Y.B. and Govindaraju, V.",
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        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373217,
        AUTHOR = "Slimane, F. and Zayene, O. and Kanoun, S. and Alimi, A.M. and Hennebert, J. and Ingold, R.",
        TITLE = "New features for complex Arabic fonts in cascading recognition system",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "738-741",
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@inproceedings{bb373218,
        AUTHOR = "Samoud, F.B. and Maddouri, S.S. and Amiri, H.",
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Segmentation Methods for Handwritten Arabic Script",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
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@inproceedings{bb373219,
        AUTHOR = "Hassaine, A. and Maadeed, S.A.",
        TITLE = "ICFHR 2012 Competition on Writer Identification Challenge 2: Arabic
Scripts",
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@inproceedings{bb373220,
        AUTHOR = "Rothacker, L. and Vajda, S. and Fink, G.A.",
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Applied to Arabic Script",
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        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373221,
        AUTHOR = "Kacem, A. and Aouiti, N. and Belaid, A.",
        TITLE = "Structural Features Extraction for Handwritten Arabic Personal Names
Recognition",
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        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "268-273",
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@inproceedings{bb373222,
        AUTHOR = "Mezghani, A. and Kanoun, S. and Khemakhem, M. and El Abed, H.",
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Identification",
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        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373223,
        AUTHOR = "Al Maadeed, S. and Ayouby, W. and Hassaine, A. and Aljaam, J.M.",
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Identification",
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        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373224,
        AUTHOR = "Djeddi, C. and Souici Meslati, L. and Ennaji, A.",
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        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373225,
        AUTHOR = "Eraqi, H.M. and Abdel Azeem, S.",
        TITLE = "A New Efficient Graphemes Segmentation Technique for Offline Arabic
Handwriting",
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        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "95-100",
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@inproceedings{bb373226,
        AUTHOR = "Eraqi, H.M. and Abdel Azeem, S.",
        TITLE = "HMM-based Offline Arabic Handwriting Recognition: Using New Feature
Extraction and Lexicon Ranking Techniques",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
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@inproceedings{bb373227,
        AUTHOR = "Abdel Azeem, S. and Eraqi, H.M.",
        TITLE = "On-line Arabic Handwritten Personal Names Recognition System Based on
HMM",
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        PAGES = "1304-1308",
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        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
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@inproceedings{bb373229,
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@inproceedings{bb373230,
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        YEAR = "2011",
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@inproceedings{bb373231,
        AUTHOR = "Prasad, R. and Kamali, M. and Belanger, D. and Rosti, A.V. and Matsoukas, S. and Natarajan, P.",
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Handwriting Recognition",
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@inproceedings{bb373232,
        AUTHOR = "Saleem, S. and Cao, H. and Subramanian, K. and Kamali, M. and Prasad, R. and Natarajan, P.",
        TITLE = "Improvements in BBN's HMM-Based Offline Arabic Handwriting Recognition
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@inproceedings{bb373233,
        AUTHOR = "Alja'am, J.M. and Jaoua, A. and Bouridane, A.",
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        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "1470-1474",
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@inproceedings{bb373234,
        AUTHOR = "Slimane, F. and Ingold, R. and Kanoun, S. and Alimi, A.M. and Hennebert, J.",
        TITLE = "Impact of Character Models Choice on Arabic Text Recognition
Performance",
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@inproceedings{bb373235,
        AUTHOR = "Slimane, F. and Kanoun, S. and Alimi, A.M. and Ingold, R. and Hennebert, J.",
        TITLE = "Gaussian Mixture Models for Arabic Font Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
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@inproceedings{bb373236,
        AUTHOR = "Njah, S. and Bezine, H. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "A New Encoding System: Application to On-line Arabic Handwriting",
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@inproceedings{bb373237,
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@inproceedings{bb373238,
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@inproceedings{bb373239,
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@inproceedings{bb373240,
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Strategies to Improve Arabic Recognition Systems",
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@inproceedings{bb373242,
        AUTHOR = "Lutf, M. and You, X.G. and Li, H.",
        TITLE = "Offline Arabic Handwriting Identification Using Language Diacritics",
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@inproceedings{bb373243,
        AUTHOR = "Wshah, S. and Govindaraju, V. and Cheng, Y.F. and Li, H.P.",
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@inproceedings{bb373244,
        AUTHOR = "Boubaker, H. and Chaabouni, A. and Tagougui, N. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Off-Line Features Integration for On-Line Handwriting Graphemes
Modeling Improvement",
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@inproceedings{bb373245,
        AUTHOR = "Boubaker, H. and Chaabouni, A. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Fuzzy Segmentation and Graphemes Modeling for Online Arabic Handwriting
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
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@inproceedings{bb373246,
        AUTHOR = "Boubaker, H. and El Baati, A. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Online Arabic Handwriting Modeling System Based on the Graphemes
Segmentation",
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@inproceedings{bb373247,
        AUTHOR = "Zaki, T. and Mammass, D. and Ennaji, A.",
        TITLE = "A Semantic Proximity Based System of Arabic Text Indexation",
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@inproceedings{bb373248,
        AUTHOR = "Saabni, R. and El Sana, J.",
        TITLE = "Hierarchical On-line Arabic Handwriting Recognition",
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        YEAR = "2009",
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@inproceedings{bb373249,
        AUTHOR = "Saabni, R. and El Sana, J.",
        TITLE = "Efficient Generation of Comprehensive Database for Online Arabic Script
Recognition",
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        YEAR = "2009",
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@inproceedings{bb373250,
        AUTHOR = "Daifallah, K. and Zarka, N. and Jamous, H.",
        TITLE = "Recognition-Based Segmentation Algorithm for On-Line Arabic Handwriting",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "886-890",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367358"}

@inproceedings{bb373251,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z.X. and Setlur, S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Image Enhancement for Degraded Binary Document Images",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "895-899",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367359"}

@inproceedings{bb373252,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z.X. and Setlur, S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Removing Rule-Lines from Binary Handwritten Arabic Document Images
Using Directional Local Profile",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "1916-1919",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367360"}

@inproceedings{bb373253,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z.X. and Setlur, S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "A Steerable Directional Local Profile Technique for Extraction of
Handwritten Arabic Text Lines",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "176-180",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367361"}

@inproceedings{bb373254,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z.X. and Setlur, S. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Text extraction from gray scale historical document images using
adaptive local connectivity map",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 794-798",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367362"}

@inproceedings{bb373255,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z.X. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Historical document image enhancement using background light intensity
normalization",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "I: 473-476",
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@inproceedings{bb373256,
        AUTHOR = "Wshah, S. and Shi, Z.X. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Segmentation of Arabic Handwriting Based on both Contour and Skeleton
Segmentation",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "793-797",
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@inproceedings{bb373257,
        AUTHOR = "Kumar, J. and Doermann, D.S.",
        TITLE = "Fast Rule-Line Removal Using Integral Images and Support Vector
Machines",
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        YEAR = "2011",
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@inproceedings{bb373258,
        AUTHOR = "Abd Almageed, W. and Kumar, J. and Doermann, D.S.",
        TITLE = "Page Rule-Line Removal Using Linear Subspaces in Monochromatic
Handwritten Arabic Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "768-772",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367366"}

@inproceedings{bb373259,
        AUTHOR = "Slimane, F. and Ingold, R. and Kanoun, S. and Alimi, A.M. and Hennebert, J.",
        TITLE = "A New Arabic Printed Text Image Database and Evaluation Protocols",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
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@inproceedings{bb373260,
        AUTHOR = "Boussellaa, W. and Zahour, A. and Elabed, H. and Benabdelhafid, A. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Unsupervised Block Covering Analysis for Text-Line Segmentation of
Arabic Ancient Handwritten Document Images",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
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@inproceedings{bb373261,
        AUTHOR = "Chaabouni, A. and Boubaker, H. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Combining of Off-line and On-line Feature Extraction Approaches for
Writer Identification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
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@inproceedings{bb373262,
        AUTHOR = "Chaabouni, A. and Boubaker, H. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Multi-fractal Modeling for On-line Text-Independent Writer
Identification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "623-627",
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@inproceedings{bb373263,
        AUTHOR = "Chaabouni, A. and Boubaker, H. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Fractal and Multi-fractal for Arabic Offline Writer Identification",
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        YEAR = "2010",
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@inproceedings{bb373264,
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        TITLE = "Temporal Order Recovery of the Scanned Handwriting",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
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@inproceedings{bb373265,
        AUTHOR = "Elbaati, A. and Boubaker, H. and Kherallah, M. and Ennaji, A. and El Abed, H. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Arabic Handwriting Recognition Using Restored Stroke Chronology",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
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@inproceedings{bb373266,
        AUTHOR = "Boubaker, H. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "New Algorithm of Straight or Curved Baseline Detection for Short Arabic
Handwritten Writing",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "778-782",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367374"}

@inproceedings{bb373267,
        AUTHOR = "Hamdani, M. and El Abed, H. and Kherallah, M. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Combining Multiple HMMs Using On-line and Off-line Features for
Off-line Arabic Handwriting Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "201-205",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367375"}

@inproceedings{bb373268,
        AUTHOR = "El Abed, H. and Margner, V.",
        TITLE = "A Framework for the Combination of Different Arabic Handwritten Word
Recognition Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "1904-1907",
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@inproceedings{bb373269,
        AUTHOR = "Boussellaa, W. and Bougacha, A. and Zahour, A. and El Abed, H. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Enhanced Text Extraction from Arabic Degraded Document Images Using EM
Algorithm",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
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        PAGES = "743-747",
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@inproceedings{bb373270,
        AUTHOR = "Haboubi, S. and Maddouri, S. and Ellouze, N. and El Abed, H.",
        TITLE = "Invariant Primitives for Handwritten Arabic Script:
A Contrastive Study of Four Feature Sets",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
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@inproceedings{bb373271,
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        TITLE = "White-space models for offline Arabic handwriting recognition",
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@inproceedings{bb373272,
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        TITLE = "Improvements in hidden Markov model based Arabic OCR",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR08,
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@inproceedings{bb373273,
        AUTHOR = "Ben Cheikh, I. and Belaid, A. and Kacem, A.",
        TITLE = "A novel approach for the recognition of a wide Arabic handwritten word
lexicon",
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@inproceedings{bb373274,
        AUTHOR = "Ben Cheikh, I. and Kacem, A.",
        TITLE = "Neural Network for the Recognition of Handwritten Tunisian City Names",
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        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1108-1112",
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@inproceedings{bb373275,
        AUTHOR = "Ali, M.A.",
        TITLE = "Arabic Handwritten Characters Classification Using Learning Vector
Quantization Algorithm",
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@inproceedings{bb373276,
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Markov Models",
        BOOKTITLE = ICISP08,
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@inproceedings{bb373277,
        AUTHOR = "Srihari, S.N. and Ball, G.R. and Srinivasan, H.",
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@inproceedings{bb373278,
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Joining Rules",
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@inproceedings{bb373279,
        AUTHOR = "Lopresti, D.P. and Nagy, G. and Seth, S.C. and Zhang, X.L.",
        TITLE = "Multi-character Field Recognition for Arabic and Chinese Handwriting",
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@inproceedings{bb373280,
        AUTHOR = "Ben Amor, N. and Ben Amara, N.E.",
        TITLE = "An Approach for Multifont Arabic Characters Features Extraction Based
on Contourlet Transform",
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        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1032.html#TT367388"}

@inproceedings{bb373281,
        AUTHOR = "Boussellaa, W. and Zahour, A. and Taconet, B. and Alimi, A.M. and Benabdelhafid, A.",
        TITLE = "PRAAD: Preprocessing and Analysis Tool for Arabic Ancient Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1058-1062",
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@inproceedings{bb373282,
        AUTHOR = "Khelifi, B. and Zaghden, N. and Alimi, M.A. and Mullot, R.",
        TITLE = "Unsupervised categorization of heterogeneous text images based on
fractals",
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@inproceedings{bb373283,
        AUTHOR = "Benjelil, M. and Mullot, R. and Alimi, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Language and Script Identification Based on Steerable Pyramid Features",
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@inproceedings{bb373284,
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        TITLE = "Arabic and Latin Script Identification in Printed and Handwritten Types
Based on Steerable Pyramid Features",
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@inproceedings{bb373285,
        AUTHOR = "Jlaiel, M.B. and Kanoun, S. and Alimi, A.M. and Mullot, R.",
        TITLE = "Three decision levels strategy for Arabic and Latin texts
differentiation in printed and handwritten natures",
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@inproceedings{bb373286,
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@inproceedings{bb373287,
        AUTHOR = "Kanoun, S. and Ennaji, A. and Lecourtier, Y. and Alimi, A.M.",
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system",
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@inproceedings{bb373288,
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        TITLE = "Arabic Handwriting Texture Analysis for Writer Identification Using the
DWT-Lifting Scheme",
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@inproceedings{bb373289,
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@inproceedings{bb373290,
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@inproceedings{bb373291,
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Font-Written OCR Systems; Enhancements and Evaluation",
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@inproceedings{bb373292,
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@inproceedings{bb373293,
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@inproceedings{bb373294,
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@inproceedings{bb373295,
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Models in Multifont Arabic Characters Recognition",
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@inproceedings{bb373296,
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@inproceedings{bb373297,
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@inproceedings{bb373298,
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@inproceedings{bb373299,
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Decomposable Vocabulary Recognition",
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