@inproceedings{bb369200,
        AUTHOR = "Diem, M. and Fiel, S. and Garz, A. and Keglevic, M. and Kleber, F. and Sablatnig, R.",
        TITLE = "ICDAR 2013 Competition on Handwritten Digit Recognition (HDRC 2013)",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1422-1427",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363323"}

@inproceedings{bb369201,
        AUTHOR = "Le, H.M. and Duong, A.T. and Tran, S.T.",
        TITLE = "Multiple-Classifier Fusion Using Spatial Features for Partially
Occluded Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "124-132",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363324"}

@inproceedings{bb369202,
        AUTHOR = "Sermanet, P. and Chintala, S. and Le Cun, Y.L.",
        TITLE = "Convolutional neural networks applied to house numbers digit
classification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "3288-3291",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363325"}

@inproceedings{bb369203,
        AUTHOR = "Yu, X.G.",
        TITLE = "Localization and extraction of the four clock-digits using the
knowledge of the digital video clock",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "1217-1220",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363326"}

@inproceedings{bb369204,
        AUTHOR = "Barbuzzi, D. and Impedovo, D.",
        TITLE = "Learning Iterative Strategies in Multi-Expert Systems Using SVMs for
Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "I:121-130",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363327"}

@inproceedings{bb369205,
        AUTHOR = "Barbuzzi, D. and Impedovo, D. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Benchmarking of Update Learning Strategies on Digit Classifier Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "35-40",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363328"}

@inproceedings{bb369206,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Mangini, F.M.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Technique for Handwritten Digit Classification Using Genetic
Clustering",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "236-240",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363329"}

@inproceedings{bb369207,
        AUTHOR = "Abbas, N. and Chibani, Y. and Nemmour, H.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Recognition Based on a DSmT-SVM Parallel Combination",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "241-246",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363330"}

@inproceedings{bb369208,
        AUTHOR = "Azeem, S.A. and El Meseery, M. and Ahmed, H.",
        TITLE = "Online Arabic Handwritten Digits Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "135-140",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363331"}

@inproceedings{bb369209,
        AUTHOR = "Bull, G. and Gao, J.B.",
        TITLE = "Classification of Hand-Written Digits Using Chordiograms",
        BOOKTITLE = DICTA11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "358-363",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363332"}

@inproceedings{bb369210,
        AUTHOR = "Wang, Z. and Huang, Y.P. and Luo, S.W. and Wang, L.",
        TITLE = "A biologically inspired system for fast handwritten digit recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "1749-1752",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363333"}

@inproceedings{bb369211,
        AUTHOR = "de Santana Pereira, C. and Cavalcanti, G.D.C.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten connected digits detection:
An approach using instance selection",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "2613-2616",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363334"}

@inproceedings{bb369212,
        AUTHOR = "Li, P. and Li, R.",
        TITLE = "The research on arabic numeral symbol's use in poster design",
        BOOKTITLE = IASP11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "67-70",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363335"}

@inproceedings{bb369213,
        AUTHOR = "Gimenez, A. and Andres Ferrer, J. and Juan, A. and Serrano, N.",
        TITLE = "Discriminative Bernoulli Mixture Models for Handwritten Digit
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "558-562",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363336"}

@inproceedings{bb369214,
        AUTHOR = "Mizukami, Y. and Tadamura, K. and Warrell, J. and Li, P. and Prince, S.J.D.",
        TITLE = "CUDA Implementation of Deformable Pattern Recognition and its
Application to MNIST Handwritten Digit Database",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "2001-2004",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363337"}

@inproceedings{bb369215,
        AUTHOR = "Lawal, I.A. and Abdel Aal, R.E. and Mahmoud, S.A.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handwritten Arabic (Indian) Numerals Using Freeman's
Chain Codes and Abductive Network Classifiers",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "1884-1887",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363338"}

@inproceedings{bb369216,
        AUTHOR = "Bulacu, M. and Brink, A.A. and van der Zant, T. and Schomaker, L.R.B.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handwritten Numerical Fields in a Large Single-Writer
Historical Collection",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "808-812",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363339"}

@inproceedings{bb369217,
        AUTHOR = "Seijas, L.M. and Segura, E.C.",
        TITLE = "A Wavelet-Based Descriptor for Handwritten Numeral Classification",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "653-658",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363340"}

@inproceedings{bb369218,
        AUTHOR = "Seijas, L.M. and Segura, E.C.",
        TITLE = "Detection of Ambiguous Patterns Using SVMs:
Application to Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "840-847",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363341"}

@inproceedings{bb369219,
        AUTHOR = "Romero, D. and Ruedin, A. and Seijas, L.",
        TITLE = "Wavelet-Based Feature Extraction for Handwritten Numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "374-383",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363342"}

@inproceedings{bb369220,
        AUTHOR = "Alamri, H. and He, C.L. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A New Approach for Segmentation and Recognition of Arabic Handwritten
Touching Numeral Pairs",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "165-172",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363343"}

@inproceedings{bb369221,
        AUTHOR = "Yu, X.G. and Li, Y.Q. and Lee, W.S.",
        TITLE = "Robust time recognition of video clock based on digit transition
detection and digit-sequence recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "1-4",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363344"}

@inproceedings{bb369222,
        AUTHOR = "Lopez Leyva, L.O. and Yanez Marquez, C. and Flores Carapia, R. and Camacho Nieto, O.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Classification Based on Alpha-Beta Associative Model",
        BOOKTITLE = CIARP08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "437-444",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363345"}

@inproceedings{bb369223,
        AUTHOR = "Yektaii, M. and Bhattacharya, P.",
        TITLE = "Cumulative Global Distance for Dimension Reduction in Handwritten
Digits Database",
        BOOKTITLE = Visual07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "216-222",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363346"}

@inproceedings{bb369224,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, K.Z. and Sun, J. and Hotta, Y. and Fujimoto, K. and Naoi, S.",
        TITLE = "An SVM-Based High-accurate Recognition Approach for Handwritten
Numerals by Using Difference Features",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "589-593",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363347"}

@inproceedings{bb369225,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, X.F. and Liu, X.B. and Jia, Y.D.",
        TITLE = "Unsupervised Selection and Discriminative Estimation of Orthogonal
Gaussian Mixture Models for Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "1151-1155",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363348"}

@inproceedings{bb369226,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, X.F. and Liu, X.B. and Jia, Y.D.",
        TITLE = "Learning Handwritten Digit Recognition by the Max-Min Posterior
Pseudo-Probabilities Method",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "342-346",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363349"}

@inproceedings{bb369227,
        AUTHOR = "Hotta, S.",
        TITLE = "Transform-Invariance in Local Averaging Classifier for Handwritten
Digit Pattern Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "347-351",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363350"}

@inproceedings{bb369228,
        AUTHOR = "Zheng, L.H. and He, X.J. and Wu, Q.A. and Hintz, T.",
        TITLE = "Learning-Based Number Recognition on Spiral Architecture",
        BOOKTITLE = ICARCV06,
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "1-5",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363351"}

@inproceedings{bb369229,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, X.L. and Nagy, G.",
        TITLE = "Style Quantification of Scanned Multi-source Digits",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR06,
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "II: 1018-10121",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363352"}

@inproceedings{bb369230,
        AUTHOR = "Duong, J. and Emptoz, H.",
        TITLE = "Cascade classifier: design and application to digit recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 1065-1069",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363353"}

@inproceedings{bb369231,
        AUTHOR = "Cecotti, H. and Belaid, A.",
        TITLE = "Rejection strategy for convolutional neural network by adaptive
topology applied to handwritten digits recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 765-769",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363354"}

@inproceedings{bb369232,
        AUTHOR = "Fan, X.D.",
        TITLE = "Efficient Multiclass Object Detection by a Hierarchy of Classifiers",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "I: 716-723",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363355"}

@inproceedings{bb369233,
        AUTHOR = "Ng, G.S. and Murali, T. and Wahab, A. and Sriskanthan, N.",
        TITLE = "Classification of handwritten digits using evolving fuzzy neural
network",
        BOOKTITLE = ICARCV04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "II: 1410-1415",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363356"}

@inproceedings{bb369234,
        AUTHOR = "Miller, E.G. and Chef d'hotel, C.",
        TITLE = "Practical non-parametric density estimation on a transformation group
for vision",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "II: 114-121",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363357"}

@inproceedings{bb369235,
        AUTHOR = "Yamaguchi, T. and Nakano, Y. and Maruyama, M. and Miyao, H. and Hananoi, T.",
        TITLE = "Digit classification on signboards for telephone number recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "359-363",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363358"}

@inproceedings{bb369236,
        AUTHOR = "Valveny, E. and Lopez, A.",
        TITLE = "Numeral recognition for quality control of surgical sachets",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "379-383",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363359"}

@inproceedings{bb369237,
        AUTHOR = "Muramatsu, H. and Kobayashi, T. and Sugiyama, T. and Abe, K.",
        TITLE = "Improvement of matching and evaluation in handwritten numeral
recognition using flexible standard patterns",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "273-277",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363360"}

@inproceedings{bb369238,
        AUTHOR = "Kobayashi, T. and Nakamura, K. and Muramatsu, H. and Sugiyama, T. and Abe, K.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten numeral recognition using flexible matching based on
learning of stroke statistics",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "612-616",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363361"}

@inproceedings{bb369239,
        AUTHOR = "Takahashi, K. and Nishiwaki, D.",
        TITLE = "A class-modular GLVQ ensemble with outlier learning for handwritten
digit recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "268-272",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363362"}

@inproceedings{bb369240,
        AUTHOR = "Srihari, S.N. and Tomai, C.I. and Zhang, B. and Lee, S.J.",
        TITLE = "Individuality of numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "1096-1100",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363363"}

@inproceedings{bb369241,
        AUTHOR = "de Avila, S. and Matos, L. and de A. Freitas, C.O. and de Carvalho, J.M.",
        TITLE = "Evaluating a Zoning Mechanism and Class-Modular Architecture for
Handwritten Characters Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CIARP07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "515-524",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363364"}

@inproceedings{bb369242,
        AUTHOR = "Correia, S.E.N. and de Carvalho, J.M. and Sabourin, R.",
        TITLE = "On the performance of wavelets for handwritten numerals recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "III: 127-130",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363365"}

@inproceedings{bb369243,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, K.K. and Chung, Y.K. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Post-processing scheme for improving recognition performance of
touching handwritten numeral strings",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "III: 327-330",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363366"}

@inproceedings{bb369244,
        AUTHOR = "de Souza Britto, A. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A string length predictor to control the level building of HMMs for
handwritten numeral recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "IV: 31-34",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363367"}

@inproceedings{bb369245,
        AUTHOR = "Soares de Oliveira, L.E. and Lethelier, E. and Bortolozzi, F. and Sabourin, R.",
        TITLE = "A New Segmentation Approach for Handwritten Digits",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 323-326",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363368"}

@inproceedings{bb369246,
        AUTHOR = "Ayat, N.E. and Cheriet, M. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "KMOD: A two-parameter SVM kernel for pattern recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "III: 331-334",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363369"}

@inproceedings{bb369247,
        AUTHOR = "Ayat, N.E. and Cheriet, M. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Empirical error based optimization of SVM kernels:
Application to digit image recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "292-297",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363370"}

@inproceedings{bb369248,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, R. and Ding, X.Q.",
        TITLE = "Offline Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Orthogonal Gaussian
Mixture Model",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "I: 1126-1129",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363371"}

@inproceedings{bb369249,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, R. and Ding, X.Q. and Zhang, J.Y.",
        TITLE = "Offline handwritten character recognition based on discriminative
training of orthogonal Gaussian mixture model",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "221-225",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363372"}

@inproceedings{bb369250,
        AUTHOR = "Ratzlaff, E.H.",
        TITLE = "A scanning n-tuple classifier for online recognition of handwritten
digits",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "18-22",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363373"}

@inproceedings{bb369251,
        AUTHOR = "Ye, X.Y. and Cheriet, M. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A framework of combining numeric string recognizers",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "716-720",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363374"}

@inproceedings{bb369252,
        AUTHOR = "Ayat, N.E. and Cheriet, M. and Remaki, L. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "KMOD: a new support vector machine kernel with moderate decreasing for
pattern recognition. Application to digit image recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "1215-1219",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363375"}

@inproceedings{bb369253,
        AUTHOR = "Singh, S. and Hewitt, M.",
        TITLE = "Cursive Digit and Character Recognition on Cedar Database",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 569-572",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363376"}

@inproceedings{bb369254,
        AUTHOR = "Zhao, B. and Liu, Y. and Xia, S.W.",
        TITLE = "Support Vector Machine and Its Application in Handwritten Numeral
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 720-723",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363377"}

@inproceedings{bb369255,
        AUTHOR = "Grim, J. and Pudil, P. and Somol, P.",
        TITLE = "Multivariate Structural Bernoulli Mixtures for Recognition of
Handwritten Numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 585-589",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363378"}

@inproceedings{bb369256,
        AUTHOR = "Ping, Z. and Lihui, C. and Kot, A.C.",
        TITLE = "A Floating Feature Detector for Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 553-556",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363379"}

@inproceedings{bb369257,
        AUTHOR = "Nobrega Correia, S.E.N. and de Carvalho, J.M.",
        TITLE = "Optimizing the Recognition Rates of Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals
Using Biorthogonal Spline Wavelets",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 251-254",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363380"}

@inproceedings{bb369258,
        AUTHOR = "Mizukami, Y. and Sato, T. and Tanaka, K.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Recognition by Hierarchical Displacement Extraction
with Gradual Prototype Elimination",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 339-342",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363381"}

@inproceedings{bb369259,
        AUTHOR = "Yu, D.",
        TITLE = "Analysis and Reconstruction of Broken Handwritten Digits",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 700-703",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363382"}

@inproceedings{bb369260,
        AUTHOR = "Teredesai, A. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Active digit classifiers: a separability optimization approach to
emulate cognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "401-405",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363383"}

@inproceedings{bb369261,
        AUTHOR = "Yoon, S.S. and Kim, G.H. and Choi, Y.W. and Lee, Y.B.",
        TITLE = "New paradigm for segmentation and recognition of handwritten numeral
string",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "205-209",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363384"}

@inproceedings{bb369262,
        AUTHOR = "Park, J. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Active Character Recognition using A*-like Algorithm",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "II: 82-87",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363385"}

@inproceedings{bb369263,
        AUTHOR = "de Coste, D. and Burl, M.C.",
        TITLE = "Distortion-Invariant Recognition via Jittered Queries",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "I: 732-737",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363386"}

@inproceedings{bb369264,
        AUTHOR = "Plamondon, R. and Parizeau, M. and Li, X.L.",
        TITLE = "Model-Based On-Line Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR98,
        YEAR = "1998",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 1134-1136",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363387"}

@inproceedings{bb369265,
        AUTHOR = "Muller, N. and Herbst, B.M.",
        TITLE = "The Use of Eigenpictures for Optical Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR98,
        YEAR = "1998",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 1124-1126",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363388"}

@inproceedings{bb369266,
        AUTHOR = "Naoi, S. and Yabuki, M.",
        TITLE = "Global Interpolation Method II for Handwritten Numbers Overlapping
a Border by Automatic Knowledge Acquisition of Overlapped Conditions",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "540-543",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363389"}

@inproceedings{bb369267,
        AUTHOR = "Naoi, S. and Hotta, Y. and Yabuki, M. and Asakawa, A.",
        TITLE = "Global interpolation in the segmentation of handwritten characters
overlapping a border",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP94,
        YEAR = "1994",
        PAGES = "I: 149-153",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363390"}

@inproceedings{bb369268,
        AUTHOR = "Zhou, J. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Unconstrained numeral pair recognition using enhanced error correcting
output coding: a holistic approach",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "I: 484-488",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363391"}

@inproceedings{bb369269,
        AUTHOR = "Zhou, J. and Gan, Q. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A High Performance Hand-Printed Numeral Recognition System
with Verification Module",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "293-297",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363392"}

@inproceedings{bb369270,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, Z. and Srihari, S.N. and Shin, Y.C. and Ramanaprasad, V.",
        TITLE = "A System for Segmentation and Recognition of Totally
Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "455-458",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363393"}

@inproceedings{bb369271,
        AUTHOR = "Yamauchi, T. and Itamoto, Y. and Tsukumo, J.",
        TITLE = "Shape Based Learning for a Multi-Template Method, and
Its Application to Handprinted Numeral Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "495-498",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363394"}

@inproceedings{bb369272,
        AUTHOR = "Zhao, B. and Su, H. and Xia, S.W.",
        TITLE = "A New Method For Segmenting Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral String",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "524-527",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363395"}

@inproceedings{bb369273,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, W. and Paik, J. and Lee, K. and Lee, Y.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Verifier for Improving Recognition Error",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "Tu-3A",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363396"}

@inproceedings{bb369274,
        AUTHOR = "Plamondon, R. and Bourdeau, M.",
        TITLE = "Validation of Preprocessing Algorithms: A Methodology and Its Application
to the Design of a Thinning Algorithm for Handwritten Characters",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR93,
        YEAR = "1993",
        PAGES = "262-269",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363397"}

@inproceedings{bb369275,
        AUTHOR = "Hotta, Y. and Takebe, H. and Suwa, M. and Naoi, S.",
        TITLE = "Accuracy improvement for handwritten Japanese word recognition by
combination of character and word recognizer",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 685-689",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363398"}

@inproceedings{bb369276,
        AUTHOR = "Hotta, Y. and Naoi, S. and Suwa, M.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Personal Handwriting Characteristics
Based on Clustering Method",
        BOOKTITLE = WACV96,
        YEAR = "1996",
        PAGES = "284-289",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363399"}

@inproceedings{bb369277,
        AUTHOR = "Kawatani, T. and Shimizu, H. and McEachern, M.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Numeral Recognition with the Improved LDA Method",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR96,
        YEAR = "1996",
        PAGES = "IV: 441-446",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363400"}

@inproceedings{bb369278,
        AUTHOR = "Shirali Shahreza, M.H. and Faez, K. and Khotanzad, A.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of handwritten Persian/Arabic numerals by shadow coding and
an edited probabilistic neural network",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP95,
        YEAR = "1995",
        PAGES = "III: 436-439",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363401"}

@inproceedings{bb369279,
        AUTHOR = "Pan, F. and Keane, M.",
        TITLE = "A new set of moment invariants for handwritten numeral recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP94,
        YEAR = "1994",
        PAGES = "I: 154-158",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363402"}

@inproceedings{bb369280,
        AUTHOR = "Bertille, J.M.",
        TITLE = "An Elastic Matching Approach Applied to Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR93,
        YEAR = "1993",
        PAGES = "82-85",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363403"}

@inproceedings{bb369281,
        AUTHOR = "Fontaine, T. and Shastri, L.",
        TITLE = "Handprinted Digit Recognition Using Spatiotemporal 
Connectionist Models",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "169-175",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363404"}

@inproceedings{bb369282,
        AUTHOR = "Li, X.P.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of connected numeral strings using partial boundary
features",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:677-680",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363405"}

@inproceedings{bb369283,
        AUTHOR = "Kovacs Vajna, Z.M. and Guerrieri, R. and Baccarani, G.",
        TITLE = "A novel metric for nearest-neighbor classification of hand-written
digits",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:96-100",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363406"}

@inproceedings{bb369284,
        AUTHOR = "Schaeken, B. and Verschueren, W. and Rene de Cotret, Y. and Hermanne, A.",
        TITLE = "A Hierarchical System for Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR84,
        YEAR = "1984",
        PAGES = "623-625",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363407"}

@inproceedings{bb369285,
        AUTHOR = "Verschueren, W. and Schaeken, B. and Rene de Cotret, Y. and Hermanne, A.",
        TITLE = "Structural Recognition of Handwritten Numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR84,
        YEAR = "1984",
        PAGES = "760-762",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363408"}

@inproceedings{bb369286,
        AUTHOR = "Tang, G.Y. and Tzeng, P.S. and Hau, C.C.",
        TITLE = "A Microcomputer System to Recognize Handwritten Numerals
Using a Syntactic-Statistic Approach",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR84,
        YEAR = "1984",
        PAGES = "1061-1064",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT363409"}

@article{bb369287,
        AUTHOR = "Duerr, B. and Haettich, W. and Tropf, H. and Winkler, G.",
        TITLE = "A Combination of Statistical and Syntactical Pattern Recognition
Applied to Classification of Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "12",
        YEAR = "1980",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "189-199",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363410"}

@article{bb369288,
        AUTHOR = "Kimura, M. and Sridhar, M.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Numerical Recognition Based on Multiple Algorithms",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "24",
        YEAR = "1991",
        NUMBER = "10",
        PAGES = "969-983",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363411"}

@article{bb369289,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, Y.S. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Method of Combining Multiple Experts for the Recognition
of Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "17",
        YEAR = "1995",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "90-94",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363412"}

@inproceedings{bb369290,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, Y.S. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A Method of Combining Multiple Classifiers: A Neural Network Approach",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR94,
        YEAR = "1994",
        PAGES = "B:473-475",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363413"}

@inproceedings{bb369291,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, K.K. and Chung, Y.K. and Kim, J.H. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of unconstrained handwritten numeral strings using decision
value generator",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "14-17",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363414"}

@inproceedings{bb369292,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, K.K. and Kim, J.H. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings by Composite
Segmentation Method",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 594-597",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363415"}

@article{bb369293,
        AUTHOR = "Sadri, J. and Suen, C.Y. and Bui, T.D.",
        TITLE = "A genetic framework using contextual knowledge for segmentation and
recognition of handwritten numeral strings",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "898-919",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363416"}

@article{bb369294,
        AUTHOR = "Oliveira, L.S. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Impacts of verification on a numeral string recognition system",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "24",
        YEAR = "2003",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "1023-1031",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363417"}

@article{bb369295,
        AUTHOR = "Oliveira, L.S. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Automatic Recognition of Handwritten Numerical Strings:
A Recognition and Verification Strategy",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "24",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "1438-1454",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363418"}

@inproceedings{bb369296,
        AUTHOR = "Oliveira, L.S. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Feature Selection Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms for
Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "I: 568-571",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363419"}

@inproceedings{bb369297,
        AUTHOR = "Oliveira, L.S. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A modular system to recognize numerical amounts on Brazilian bank
cheques",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "389-394",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363420"}

@inproceedings{bb369298,
        AUTHOR = "Morita, M. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A recognition and verification strategy for handwritten word
recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "482-486",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363421"}

@article{bb369299,
        AUTHOR = "de Souza Britto, A. and Sabourin, R. and Bortolozzi, F. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "The recognition of handwritten numeral strings using a two-stage
HMM-based method",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "5",
        YEAR = "2003",
        NUMBER = "2-3",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "102-117",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1026.html#TT363422"}

Last update:Feb 17, 2026 at 20:06:16